describe structure and function of mitochondria
Answers
The nucleus is small, round and membrane bound structure found in cell. The fluid inside the nucleus surrounded by nuclear membrane is called nucleoplasm. It controls the cell's growth and reproduction because it contains cell's hereditary information. It is covered by dual layer called nuclear membrane.
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Explanation:
#Structure of Mitochondria
1)The mitochondrion is a double-membraned, rod-shaped structure found in both plant and animal cell.
2)Its size ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 micrometre in diameter.
3)The structure comprises an outer membrane, an inner membrane, and a gel-like material called the matrix.
4)The outer membrane and the inner membrane are made of proteins and phospholipid layers separated by the intermembrane space.
5)The outer membrane covers the surface of the mitochondrion and has a large number of special proteins known as porins.
It is freely permeable to ions, nutrient molecules, energy molecules like the ADP and ATP molecules.
#Functions of Mitochondria
1)The most important function of mitochondria is to produce energy through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. It is also involved in the following process:
2)Regulates the metabolic activity of the cell
3)Promotes the growth of new cells and cell multiplication
Helps in detoxifying ammonia in the liver cells
Plays an important role in apoptosis or programmed cell death
Responsible for building certain parts of the blood and various hormones like testosterone and oestrogen
Helps in maintaining an adequate concentration of calcium ions within the compartments of the cell
It is also involved in various cellular activities like cellular differentiation, cell signalling, cell senescence, controlling the cell cycle and also in cell growth.