Question

Describe the appearance of a plant that has been starved of nitrogen, magnesium,

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

In a low-input agricultural context, plants facing temporal nutrient deficiencies need to be efficient. By comparing the effects of NO3−-starvation in two lines of Arabidopsis thaliana (RIL282 and 432 from the Bay-0×Shahdara population), this study aimed to screen the physiological mechanisms allowing one genotype to withstand NO3−-deprivation better than another and to rate the relative importance of processes such as nitrate uptake, storage, and recycling. These two lines, chosen because of their contrasted shoot N contents for identical shoot biomass under N-replete conditions, underwent a 10 d nitrate starvation after 28 d of culture at 5 mM NO3−. It was demonstrated that line 432 coped better with NO3−-starvation, producing higher shoot and root biomass and sustaining maximal growth for a longer time. However, both lines exhibited similar features under NO3−-starvation conditions. In particular, the nitrate pool underwent the same drastic and early depletion, whereas the protein pool was increased to a similar extent. Nitrate remobilization rate was identical too. It was proportional to nitrate content in both shoots and roots, but it was higher in roots. One difference emerged: line 432 had a higher nitrate content at the beginning of the starvation phase. This suggests that to overcome NO3−-starvation, line 432 did not directly rely on the N pool composition, nor on nitrate remobilization efficiency, but on higher nitrate storage capacities prior to NO3−-starvation. Moreover, the higher resistance of 432 corresponded to a higher nitrate uptake capacity and a 2–9-fold higher expression of AtNRT1.1, AtNRT2.1, and AtNRT2.4 genes, suggesting that the corresponding nitrate transporters may be preferentially involved under fluctuating N supply conditions

Answer 2

Starvation of Nitrogen:

All plants require sufficient supplies of macronutrients for healthy growth, and nitrogen (N) is a nutrient that is commonly in limited supply. Nitrogen deficiency in plants can occur when organic matter with high carbon content, such as sawdust, is added to soil. Soil organisms use any nitrogen to break down carbon sources, making N unavailable to plants. This is known as "robbing" the soil of nitrogen. All vegetables apart from nitrogen fixing legumes are prone to this disorder.

Nitrogen deficiency can be prevented in the short term by using grass mowings as a mulch, or foliar feeding with manure, and in the longer term by building up levels of organic matter in the soil. Sowing green manure crops such as grazing rye to cover soil over the winter will help to prevent nitrogen leaching, while leguminous green manures such as winter tares will fix additional nitrogen from the atmosphere.

Starvation of Magnesium:

Magnesium deficiency, like any deficiency, leads to reduction in yield. It also leads to higher susceptibility to plant disease.

Since magnesium is mobile within the plant, deficiency symptoms appear on lower and older leaves first. The first symptom is pale leaves, which then develop an interveinal chlorosis. In some plants, reddish or purple spots will appear on the leaves.

The expression of symptoms is greatly dependent on the intensity to which leaves are exposed to light. Deficient plants that are exposed to high light intensities will show more symptoms.