describe the battle of plassey with its causes and effects?
Answers
The Battle of Plassey is the one that led India towards 190 years long slavery of the Britishers. This battle was fought between the Governor of East India Company. Robert Clive and the Nawab of Bengal Siraj Ud Daulah.
The Battle of Plassey was the decisive victory of the British East India over the ruler of the Bengal Nawab Siraj-ud-daula and his French partner’s troop.
The battle took place on the banks of River Bhagirathi at Plassey which was at a distance of 150 kilometers from the north of Calcutta and south of Murshidabad. Murshidabad was the then capital of Bengal. This battle is a part of the Seven Years War.
On 23rd June, 1757 some 150 km north from Kolkatta . On the banks of Bhagirathi river.
To fight this battle, siraj ud daulahhad taken army of 50,000 and 50 cannons with him. Robert Clive had only 300 soldiers and 9 cannons. That can be considered latest. Were the Britishers insane that they fight with 300 soldiers against such a huge army?
The Britishers were not insane but shrewd diplomats. On seeing such a large army of Nawab. the Britishers also understood that to defeat them they need large army. But it was impossible for Robert Clive to gather a large army on foreign land. who had entered India on the pretext of business.
But Robert Clive who wanted to intervene and enter India anyhow. Devised a plan to split Nawab’s army instead of creating a large army. Before instigating siraj ud daulahfor the Battle of Plassey. Robrt Clive had done many prior preparations.
As per the war began, months before. Clive contacted Nawab’s chief army General Mir Jafar Ali via a businessman named Jagat Chand (Ameechand). and developed close relations with him. Clive promised money to Ameechand and persuaded him. to provide financial help to British soldiers during the battle. To persuade Mir Jafar, Clive showed him carrot of Bengal’s throne. After showing the greed of throne to Nawab’s army General and persuading him. now for Robert Clive the numeric power of Nawab’s army did not have much importance.
The Nawab, who was unaware till the last about Britishers. who came to Bengal on the pretext of business and were doing totally illegal businesses. on seeing Robert Clive’s small army, ordered his army to attack on them. On hearing his order. his chief army General Mir Jafar and 45,000 soldiers instead of attacking British army split and stood on one side.
On seeing the betrayal in the army. The remaining soldiers were confused and could not understand what to do next. As if it was not enough and nature also wanted to support Robert Clive.
Sudden rains helped British army and made their work easy. In the rains British soldiers hastily started to hide the ammunition using tents as shade in order to prevent it from getting wet. On the other hand. Nawab’s undisciplined soldiers could not make any arrangements. to prevent their ammunition from getting wet and their ammunition was wasted by getting wet in rains.
After some time it stopped raining and when the battle begun. Nawab’s army could not do anything except running here and there against Britishers cannon attacks. During this Britishers haphazardly started shelling in which Nawab’s faithful General Mir Madan died. So on seeing his defeat in the battle, siraj ud daulahran away rom the battlefield to his capital Murshidabad. and in his absence Mir Jafar accepted cease fire against Britishers.
On fearing his death. Nawab was to run away to Patna via boat but before that. Soldiers of Mir Jafar caught him and hung him till death. According to the deal, Britishers made Mir Jafar sit on the throne. but he remained Nawab for the namesake. Actual rulers of Bengal were the Britishers.
By losing only 57 soldiers. Britishers who won the Battle of Plassey. They set their legs in Bengal and slowly took control over whole India.
Under British rule there came so many changes in India which are uncountable.
The comsequenses of that decisive battle were:
* The Plassey war lasted only for few hours. This shows Siraj-ud-daula’s weaknesses and inability for the throne. He was defeated, captured and executed in his own capital Murshidabad.
* Britishers gained political and economical power in Bengal which was the wealth-house of India. They could now indirectly rule their territory.
* Siraj-ud-daula was replaced by Mir Jafar who was a puppet in the hands of company and did not have any independents power of his own.
* The Company got twenty-four Paraganas in Bengal from Mir Jafar. This made them more prosperous.
* Company would now trade from Bengal without any restrictions.
* Company now become more prestigious as French rule over Indian places was also vanished.
* Company became economically strong. They no more depended on Europe for finance.
* The company extracted huge sums of money from Mir Jafar. The company got one crore and seventy seven lakh rupees as war compensation as well.
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