describe the brief history of democracy in our neighbouring country viz,Pakistan ,Nepal, Bangladesh ,and Myanmar .
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Myanmar:
a. Myanmar gained Independence from the colonial rule in 1948 and established a democratic rule.
b. However, the country lived under the brutal military dictatorship. The military regime in Myanmar from 1962-2011, has crushed pro democracy movements and has arrested people, activists supporting democratic rule, it has indulged in massacre of innocent people.
c. Myanmar since then, has witnessed worst form of ethnic violence, human rights violation, economic underdevelopment, corruption and poverty.
d. In the 1990 multi party election Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) had won a landslide victory in but was not allowed to govern and was rather put under house arrest.
e. The military regime did not tolerate any dissent, opposition to its rule.
f. In 2010, the country had General elections, which military leaders referred as modest steps , though opposition severely criticized elections as rigged and characterised by malpractice and fraud. Aung San Suu Kyi was released after 2010 election.
Pakistan:
a. Pakistan has been ruled by both democratic and military governments
b. Soon after Independence, Pakistan framed its own constitution, General Ayub took over the administration and got himself elected as the President of Pakistan. Increased disillusionment among the masses paved the way for a military rule with General Yahya Khan to take over, later resulting in the Bangladesh crisis. With a mixed record of military and civilian rule , Pakistan faced acute political instability.
c. Pakistan under General Musharraf was a military dictatorship, then followed by a democratic rule.
d. By declaring himself the chief executive and latter the President Genera Musharraf in 2001 he vested the decision making powers. 2002 General Musharraf held parliamentary election or referendum which were not democratic as opposition parties were banned and the referendum as reported was characterized by malpractice's to endorse his rule.
e. In 2002 General Musharraf amended the constitution that vested him with supreme authority and absolute power to dissolve national and provisional assemblies.The major decisions were taken by the military rulers and General Musharraf and not by the National assembly.
f.. Presently, Nawaz Sharif is back in office for a record-breaking third term as prime Minster after a remarkable political comeback.
g. Pakistan's last military leader musharff dramatically returned in March 2013 to compete in elections, but was debarred from standing in elections.
h. The democratically elected Pakistan's Parliament completed its first tenure in 2013, being the first national assembly to do so and create history.
Bangladesh:
a. .Bangladesh, which became an independent country in 1971, has a mixed record with a long history of rift between democratic and undemocratic forces.
b. Soon after its creation, Sheikfh Mujiber rehman established a Presidential system, He was assassinated in a military uprising in August 1975. The new military ruler, Ziaur Rahman, formed his own Bangladesh National Party and won elections in 1979, again being overthrown by a military ruler, with later democracy being restored in 1991.
c. In Bangladesh parliamentary elections took place in 1991 with Khaleda Zia becoming the first female Prime minsiter of the country.
d. In 2014 legislative elections took place which were indeed boycotted by Khaleda Zia.
e. It is the Awami League with Sheikh Hasina currently holding the power in the country.
Nepal:
a. In Nepal, a number of political changes have taken place. the king gave up his powers to declare Nepal a constitutional monarchy.
b. The Nepal was transformed to a constitutional monarchy with king only the ceremonial head.,
c. Real powers were transferred to the elected leaders.
d. However, In February 2005, the king dismissed the then Prime Minister and dissolved the popularly elected Parliament citing the weaknesses of the dismissed Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba's to ensure peace.
e. In the wake of Maoist strikes, King Gyanendra made promise that democracy would be restored in three years.
f. In 2006, King Gyanendra announced that he would transfer executive authority to a new prime minister chosen by the political parties.
g. In the wake of Maoist strikes, King Gyanendra made promise that democracy would be restored in three years.
h. In 2006, King Gyanendra announced that he would transfer executive authority to a new prime minister chosen by the political parties.
i. Finally, in 2007, Nepal was declared a Republic, with President as the head of the State and Prime Minister as the head of the government.
a. Myanmar gained Independence from the colonial rule in 1948 and established a democratic rule.
b. However, the country lived under the brutal military dictatorship. The military regime in Myanmar from 1962-2011, has crushed pro democracy movements and has arrested people, activists supporting democratic rule, it has indulged in massacre of innocent people.
c. Myanmar since then, has witnessed worst form of ethnic violence, human rights violation, economic underdevelopment, corruption and poverty.
d. In the 1990 multi party election Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) had won a landslide victory in but was not allowed to govern and was rather put under house arrest.
e. The military regime did not tolerate any dissent, opposition to its rule.
f. In 2010, the country had General elections, which military leaders referred as modest steps , though opposition severely criticized elections as rigged and characterised by malpractice and fraud. Aung San Suu Kyi was released after 2010 election.
Pakistan:
a. Pakistan has been ruled by both democratic and military governments
b. Soon after Independence, Pakistan framed its own constitution, General Ayub took over the administration and got himself elected as the President of Pakistan. Increased disillusionment among the masses paved the way for a military rule with General Yahya Khan to take over, later resulting in the Bangladesh crisis. With a mixed record of military and civilian rule , Pakistan faced acute political instability.
c. Pakistan under General Musharraf was a military dictatorship, then followed by a democratic rule.
d. By declaring himself the chief executive and latter the President Genera Musharraf in 2001 he vested the decision making powers. 2002 General Musharraf held parliamentary election or referendum which were not democratic as opposition parties were banned and the referendum as reported was characterized by malpractice's to endorse his rule.
e. In 2002 General Musharraf amended the constitution that vested him with supreme authority and absolute power to dissolve national and provisional assemblies.The major decisions were taken by the military rulers and General Musharraf and not by the National assembly.
f.. Presently, Nawaz Sharif is back in office for a record-breaking third term as prime Minster after a remarkable political comeback.
g. Pakistan's last military leader musharff dramatically returned in March 2013 to compete in elections, but was debarred from standing in elections.
h. The democratically elected Pakistan's Parliament completed its first tenure in 2013, being the first national assembly to do so and create history.
Bangladesh:
a. .Bangladesh, which became an independent country in 1971, has a mixed record with a long history of rift between democratic and undemocratic forces.
b. Soon after its creation, Sheikfh Mujiber rehman established a Presidential system, He was assassinated in a military uprising in August 1975. The new military ruler, Ziaur Rahman, formed his own Bangladesh National Party and won elections in 1979, again being overthrown by a military ruler, with later democracy being restored in 1991.
c. In Bangladesh parliamentary elections took place in 1991 with Khaleda Zia becoming the first female Prime minsiter of the country.
d. In 2014 legislative elections took place which were indeed boycotted by Khaleda Zia.
e. It is the Awami League with Sheikh Hasina currently holding the power in the country.
Nepal:
a. In Nepal, a number of political changes have taken place. the king gave up his powers to declare Nepal a constitutional monarchy.
b. The Nepal was transformed to a constitutional monarchy with king only the ceremonial head.,
c. Real powers were transferred to the elected leaders.
d. However, In February 2005, the king dismissed the then Prime Minister and dissolved the popularly elected Parliament citing the weaknesses of the dismissed Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba's to ensure peace.
e. In the wake of Maoist strikes, King Gyanendra made promise that democracy would be restored in three years.
f. In 2006, King Gyanendra announced that he would transfer executive authority to a new prime minister chosen by the political parties.
g. In the wake of Maoist strikes, King Gyanendra made promise that democracy would be restored in three years.
h. In 2006, King Gyanendra announced that he would transfer executive authority to a new prime minister chosen by the political parties.
i. Finally, in 2007, Nepal was declared a Republic, with President as the head of the State and Prime Minister as the head of the government.
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