Describe the circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France?
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Circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France are:
Social causes: The French society was divided into 3 estates, the Clergy, the Nobles and the 3rd estate. There was a lot of discrimination with the 3rd estate. This brought the 3rd estate to protest.
Political causes: France helped the 13 colonies of America to gain independence from Britain. This emptied the the treasury. France had a debt of more than 2 billion livres. To meet its regular expenses, such as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, running government offices or universities, the state was forced to increase taxes.
Immediate causes:On 5 may, 1789, Louis XVI called together an assembly of Estates General to pass proposals for new taxes. Third estates protested against this proposal but as each estate have one vote, the king rejected this appeal. They walked out of the assembly.
Subsistence Crisis: The population of France also increased from 23 million in 1715 to 28 million in 1789. Food grains were now in great demand. Price of bread shot up. Wages did not keep pace with rising prices. This led to subsistence crisis.
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