describe the composition of Revenue Court
Answers
The highest court in each district is that of the District and Sessions Judge. This is the principal court of original civil jurisdictionbesides the High Court of the State and which derives its jurisdiction in civil matters primarily from the code of civil procedure. The district court is also a court of Sessions when it exercises its jurisdiction on criminal matters under the Code of Criminal procedure. The district court is presided over by one District Judge appointed by the state Governor with on the advice of state chief justice In addition to the district judge there may be a number of Additional District Judges and Assistant District Judges depending on the workload. The Additional District Judge and the court presided have equivalent jurisdiction as the District Judge and his district court.[1]
However, the district judge has supervisory control over Additional and Assistant District Judges, including decisions on the allocation of work among them. The District and Sessions judge is often referred to as "district judge" when he presides over civil matters and "sessions judge" when he presides over criminal matters.[2] Being the highest judge at district level, the District Judge also enjoys the power to manage the state funds allocated for the development of judiciary in the district.
The district judge is also called "metropolitan session judge" when he is presiding over a district court in a city which is designated "metropolitan area" by the state . Other courts subordinated to district court in the metropolitan area are also referred to with "metropolitan" prefixed to the usual designation. An area is designated a metropolitan area by the concerned state Government if population of the area exceeds one million or more than that.[3]
Criminal case
For criminal case in a district, the highest court is the court of the Session Judge. Below this court, there are courts of Magistrate of First, Second and Third Class. In big cities like Delhi, Kolkata First class magistrates are called Metropolitan Magistrate.
Revenue Courts
The highest revenue court in a district is the Board of Revenue which deals with the cases of land revenue.