Describe the contribution of Islamic scientists in astronomy and medicine?.
Answers
Islamic mathematicians such as Al-Khwarizmi, Avicenna and Jamshīd al-Kāshī made advances in algebra, trigonometry, geometry and Arabic numerals. Islamic doctors described diseases like smallpox and measles, and challenged classical Greek medical theory.
Answer:
In medicine
In Islam, the human body is the home of debts, how it works, what method keep it fresh and safe, and how to prevent it from contracting diseases or curing them diseases, were important problem for Muslims. Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h) himself insisted people to "take medicine for their diseases" as people were reluctant to do at that time
This was a solid inspiration to encourage Muslim scholars to discover, progress, and spread empirical laws. Extensive medical and public health considerations were specified measures. The very first hospital was built in Baghdad in 706 AC. Muslims too used camel convoys as portable hospitals that stimulated from place to place. Since religion did not forbid it, Muslim scholars used human bodies to study anatomy and physiology and support their students in understanding how the body works. This pragmatic the study allowed surgery to mature very quickly
In astronomy
Between the 8th and 15th centuries, Islamic astronomers produced a number of sophisticated astronomical works. Largely through the Ptolemaic framework, they refined and perfected the Ptolemaic system, compiled better tables, and devised instruments that improved their ability to make observations. The extensive contributions of Islamic astronomy also revealed some weaknesses in the Ptolemaic and Aristotelian systems.
al-Farghani (died after 861), known in the West as Alfraganus, wrote Elements of Astronomy on the Celestial Motions around 833. This textbook provided a largely non-mathematical presentation of Ptolemy's Almagest, updated with the revised values of earlier Islamic astronomers. The work spread throughout the Islamic world and was translated into Latin during the 12th century. It became the primary source that European scholars used to study Ptolemaic astronomy.
This book was largely responsible for the establishment of the Greek astronomical system of Ptolemy in the West.
In other cases, such as Ibn al-Hatheym's Doubts about Ptolemy, it went far beyond translation and transmission of knowledge to create an extensive critique of Ptolemy, transforming mathematical models into physical representations of movement in the heavens.
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