Question

Describe the different life cycle patterns show by plants.
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Answer 1

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Types of Plant Life Cycles

In the life cycles of plants one or more morphologically distinct generations appear.

On this basis, life cycle may be three types:

(i) Uniphasic:

In this life cycle, only one visible generation is distinct either haploid or diploid and the life cycle are called haplontic, or diplontic.

(ii) Diphasic:

In this type, both the haploid and diploid generations are distinct. The life cycle is called haplo-diplontic or diplo-haplontic

(iii) Triphasic:

In this case, three dissimilar generations are distinct, and accordingly, life cycle may be haplo-haplo-haplontic or diplo-diplo-haplontic type. Broadly speaking plant life cycles are of five types i.e. haplontic, diplontic, haplo-diplontic, haplobiontic (= haplo-haplontic) and diplobiontic (= diplo-diplo-haplontic).

(b) Diplontic life cycle:

The life cycle characterized by gametic meiosis and diploid sporophyte this is dominant, photosynthetic and independent generation of the plant. The gametophyte generation is represented by the haploid gametes or few celled haploid gametophyte. Here only sporophyte is conspicuous and gametophyte is inconspicuous. Diplontic life cycle is exhibited by some green algae, brown algae and all seed bearing plants i.e. gymnosperms and angiosperms. In seeded plants pollen and ovaries contain male and female gametophytes, respectively.

(c) Haplo-diplontic life cycle

This type of life cycle involves the alternation of two vegetative individuals, the haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte. In this case sporogenic meiosis occurs in sporophyte to produce spores (meiospores). Here both the generations are conspicuous. This type of life cycle is exhibited by some green algae, brown algae, bryophytes and pteridophytes.

(d) Haplobiontic (= haplo-haplontic) life cycle:

It is also called diphasic-haplobiontic, where two successive vegetative phases are gametophytes that alternate with a diploid short-lived sporophyte, e.g. red algae like Nemalion, etc.

(e) Diplobiontic (= diplo-diplo-haplontic):

It is also called diphasic-diplobiontic, where two successive diploid phases alternate with the gametophyte.

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