Describe the executive and the emergency powers of the President
Answers
Answer:
Under Emergency powers, The President can declare three types of emergencies:- national, state, financial under articles 352, 356 & 360 in addition to promulgating ordinances under article 123.
National Emergency
National emergency can be declared in the whole of India or a part of its territory on causes of war or armed rebellion or an external aggression. Such an emergency was declared in India in 1962 (Indo-China war), 1971 (Indo-Pakistan war), 1975 to 1977 (declared by Indira Gandhi on account of "internal disturbance").
State Emergency
If the President is fully satisfied, on the basis of the report of the Governor of the concerned state or from other sources that the governance in a state cannot be carried out according to the provisions in the Constitution, he can proclaim under Article 356 a state of emergency in the state. Such an emergency must be approved by the Parliament within a period of 2 months.
Financial Emergency
Under article 360 of the constitution, President can proclaim financial emergency when the financial stability or credit of the nation or of any part of its territory is threatened.Till now it has never been declared.