Question

describe the formation and types of chromosomes.

Answer 1

Answer:

In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.

Answer 2

$\sf\orange {\underline {\sf Formation\: of\:Chromosomes :-}}$

Chromosomes are found within the nucleus of most living cells and consist of DNA that is tightly wound into thread-like structures.

$\sf\orange {\underline {\sf Types\:of\:Chromosomes :-}}$

There are four main types of chromosomes: metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric, and telocentric

Metacentric Chromosomes

Metacentric chromosomes have the centromere in the center, such that both sections are of equal length. Human chromosome 1 and 3 are metacentric.

Submetacentric Chromosomes

Submetacentric chromosomes have the centromere slightly offset from the center leading to a slight asymmetry in the length of the two sections. Human chromosomes 4 through 12 are submetacentric.

Acrocentric Chromosomes

Acrocentric chromosomes have a centromere which is severely offset from the center leading to one very long and one very short section. Human chromosomes 13,15, 21, and 22 are acrocentric.

Telocentric Chromosomes

Telocentric chromosomes have the centromere at the very end of the chromosome. Humans do not possess telocentric chromosomes but they are found in other species such as mice.