Question

describe the formation of scum in hard water give the chemical equation for it.

Answer 1

Soap does not work properly when the water is hard. A soap is a sodium or potassium salt of long chain fatty acids. Hard water contains salts of calcium and magnesium. When soap is added to hard water, calcium and magnesium ions present in water displace sodium or potassium ions from the soap molecules forming an insoluble substance called scum. A lot of soap is wasted in the process.

Answer 2

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When a soap is used in hard water, a solid substance we call scum forms. This is because charged calcium and magnesium particles (called ions ) present in the water react with soap to form an insoluble substance. ... The new substance, scum, does not dissolve in water.

Hard water contains calcium ions, Ca2+(aq), or magnesium ions, Mg2+(aq). These ions react with soap, making it difficult to form a lather and producing scum. Hard water can be softened by adding washing soda (sodium carbonate) which removes the calcium ions in a precipitation reaction.

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