Describe the gene transfer processes in bacteria
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Transduction, the process in whichbacterial DNA is moved from onebacterium to another by a virus (a bacteriophage, or phage). Bacterialconjugation, a process that involves the transfer of DNA via a plasmid from a donor cell to a recombinant recipient cell during cell-to-cell contact.
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Another method of genetic transfer and recombination is transduction.
This method involves the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another with the use of a bacteriophage (phage).
A phage is a virus that infects bacteria.
The phage T4 and the phage lambda, for example, both infect E. coli.
Because the phage reproductive system is important to understanding transduction, we will briefly review phage lifecycle.
Phages are obligatory intracellular parasites and must invade a host cell in order to reproduce.
T4 multiplies by the lytic cycle which kills the host and lamba multiplies by the lysogenic cycle which does not cause the death of the host cell.
In lysogeny, the phage DNA remains latent in the host until it breaks out in a lytic cycle.
General Steps Of The Lytic Cycle:
Attachment of T4 to receptors on E. coli cell wall.
Penetration of the cell wall by tail core. Inject DNA into host.
E. coli DNA is hydrolyzed. Phage DNA directs biosynthesis of viral parts using the host cell's machinery.
The phages mature as the parts are assembled.
Lyses of E. coli and release of the new phages.
This method involves the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another with the use of a bacteriophage (phage).
A phage is a virus that infects bacteria.
The phage T4 and the phage lambda, for example, both infect E. coli.
Because the phage reproductive system is important to understanding transduction, we will briefly review phage lifecycle.
Phages are obligatory intracellular parasites and must invade a host cell in order to reproduce.
T4 multiplies by the lytic cycle which kills the host and lamba multiplies by the lysogenic cycle which does not cause the death of the host cell.
In lysogeny, the phage DNA remains latent in the host until it breaks out in a lytic cycle.
General Steps Of The Lytic Cycle:
Attachment of T4 to receptors on E. coli cell wall.
Penetration of the cell wall by tail core. Inject DNA into host.
E. coli DNA is hydrolyzed. Phage DNA directs biosynthesis of viral parts using the host cell's machinery.
The phages mature as the parts are assembled.
Lyses of E. coli and release of the new phages.
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