Describe the important processes of administration.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The administrative processes refer to situations when the administration is in action. These processes represent the dynamic aspect of administration. At all levels the central, state or field-administration has to deal with various issues and problems. Within the organization, many kinds of relationships have to be smoothly conducted to coordinate the activities of the organization. Administrative procedures are a set or system of rules that govern the procedures for managing an organization. These procedures are meant to establish efficiency, consistency, responsibility, and accountability.
Administrative procedures are important because they provide an objective set of rules by which an organization is governed. They also help establish the legitimacy of management action by ensuring the application of management rules and decisions is done in an objective, fair, and consistent manner. Finally, they help ensure that managers are held accountable for decisions that deviate from the procedures.
The administrative process has some fundamental functions of management as listed below:
Planning: It is an initial process of business or an organization plan where business planning and strategies are been prepared. It involves determining goals and committing the resources in advance.
Decision making: It is a complex administrative process. It serves the purpose of fulfilling organizational objectives. The decisions affect and are affected by socio-economic, political and cultural factors prevailing in this environment. The ultimate purpose of decision-making in any organization is to ensure rational, feasible, acceptable and practical decisions. To make a wise decision, an executive must engage in distinct steps as: (a) Identify the problem; (b) Analyze the problem; (c) Determine possible and available alternatives (d) Evaluate the impact of alternatives; and (e) Select the best alternative.
Communication: Communication process occupies a central place in an organization. The decision-making process is helped by the organizational communication system. Data and information are transmitted to the decision-maker through the communication channels.
Control: The problem of control is associated with the problem of organizational growth and survival. Formal organizations maintain a position of equilibrium by using control devices properly. The organizational control system is a means for checking and verifying organizational goal achievement. The main purpose of control is to make sure that actual operation conforms to established standards. In addition, timely information about work performance is essential so that corrective action could be taken in case of any problem reported in course of performance. Effective supervision, monitoring and evaluation are important constituents of the control process in administration.
Coordination: It has been considered as one of the major functions of management. In certain situations, due to organizational differentiation, different segments tend to work in isolation from one another and the achievement of overall objective suffers. Therefore, proper coordination is mandatory to achieve the goals of an organization.
In short, organizations in action exhibit a series of important processes such as planning, decision-making, communication, control and coordination. Each of them has its own distinguishing features. There are significant behavioural implications of some of the processes like control and communication, which affect motivation and morale in an organization. Other processes such as organizing, staffing, directing, reporting and budgeting are also pertinent administrative processes that affect administrative structure and behavior.