Question

Describe the important uses and preparation of :

i) Sodium carbonate
ii) Plaster of paris
iii) Caustic soda
iv) Common salt

__________ No Spam !​

Answer 1

Explanation:

i.The main uses of sodium carbonate are as water softener, food processing aid, pH modifier, swimming pool chemical and electrolyte. It is also used in the manufacture of glass, paper, soaps and detergents, and many other useful chemicals.

Preparation: Sodium carbonate is obtained commercially through two different methods. The first method involves mining the mineral deposits of sodium carbonate, which is the main production method in the USA. In the second method, called the Solvay process, sodium chloride is reacted with ammonia to give sodium bicarbonate, which is then heated to give sodium carbonate.

ii.Plaster of paris can be used for construction. It is highly helpful in constructing statues and buildings, It can also be used as medicines and to repair broken bones.

preparation: Plaster of paris.. CaSO4.1/2H2o

Is prepared by heating gypsum at 373 k it loses water molecules and becomes calcium sulphate hemihydrate that is plaster of paris.

iii. caustic soda :It is used as a cleansing agent and in the manufacturing of washing soda. Sometimes, sodium hydroxide is also used as a reagent in the laboratories. It is used in the preparation of soda lime. It is used in the extraction of aluminium by purifying bauxite.

preparation:

Sodium hydroxide is industrially produced as a 50% solution by variations of the electrolytic chloralkali process.[26] Chlorine gas is also produced in this process.[26] Solid sodium hydroxide is obtained from this solution by the evaporation of water. Solid sodium hydroxide is most commonly sold as flakes, prills, and cast blocks.

iv.Sodium chloride is the chemical name for salt. Sodium is an electrolyte that regulates the amount of water in your body. Sodium also plays a part in nerve impulses and muscle contractions. Sodium chloride is used to treat or prevent sodium loss caused by dehydration, excessive sweating, or other causes.

preparation: sodium chloride is obtained by mining the deposits and brine solution is obtained by passing water into the deposits. Hence the salts get dissolved then the solution is pumped out. Evaporation of the sea water is one of the major processes used to obtain salt and is most widely followed in countries like India.

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