Question

Describe the industrial application of $H_{2}$ dependent on:
(i) the heat liberated when its atoms are made to combine on the surface of a metal.
(ii) its effect on unsaturated organic system is presence of catalyst.
(iii) its ability to combine with $N_{2}$ under specific conditions.

Answer 1

i) When hydrogen combine with metal surface, it liberates heat. Therefore, hydrogen is used in the welding/cutting torch.

ii) In the exsistence of metal catalyst, hydrogen combine with unsaturated oils to form saturated organic compounds. In the exsistence of Nickel catalyst, hydrogen are mixed with unsaturated organic oils to produce vanaspati ghee.

Due to this property, hydrogen is widely used in the manufacturing of edible oils like soyabean oil, seed oil, etc.

$Unsaturated\quad oil\quad +\quad { H }_{ 2 }(g)\quad \xrightarrow[ Ni\quad catalyst ]{ \quad} \quad Vananspati\quad ghee$

iii) Under the specific conditions nitrogen combines to hydrogen to form ammonia. The reaction is as follows.

${ N }_{ 2 }(g)\quad +\quad 3{ H }_{ 2 }(g)\quad \xrightarrow [ 673\quad K\quad ,\quad 200\quad atm\quad]{ Fe,\quad MO\quad} \quad 2N{ H }_{ 3 }(g)$