Question

Describe the kinds of mountain with atleast one example each.

Answer 1

Fold Mountains
The most common type of mountain in the world are called fold mountains. When you see vast mountain ranges stretching on for thousands of kilometers, those are fold mountains. Fold mountains are formed when two of the Earth’s tectonic plates collide head on; like two cars crashing together. The edges of each tectonic plate crumple and buckle, and these create the mountains. Some examples of fold mountain ranges include the Rocky Mountains in North America, and the Himalayan Mountains in Asia.

Fault-Block Mountains
Fault-block mountains (or just “block mountain“) are created when faults or cracks in the Earth’s crust force materials upward. So instead of folding, like the plate collision we get with fold mountains, block mountains break up into chunks and move up or down. Fault-block mountains usually have a steep front side and then a sloping back side. Examples of fault-block mountains include the Sierra Nevada mountains.

Dome Mountains
Dome mountains are created when a large amount of magma pushes up from below the Earth’s crust, but it never actually reaches the surface and erupts. And then, before it can erupt, the source of the magma goes away and the pushed up rock cools and hardens into a dome shape. Since the dome is higher than its surroundings, erosion works from the top creating a circular mountain range.

Answer 2

Folded mountains

Folded mountains are the product of two inter continental (continent-continent) plate collisions.

Ocean plate between the two continents disappears
Subduction ceases due to near equal density
Mountains are formed as the land is compressed and folded upward
Found in mountain belts
ex: Appalachians, Himalayas, Rocky Mountains, Alps

Dome Mountains

Dome mountains are rounded isolated structures that are usually not associated with mountain belts as they occur in generally flat regions. They can be classified into two distinct categories: Plutonic & Tectonic

Plutonic Domes

Formed from an igneous intrusion
Lacoliths and batholiths both form igneous dome mountains
ex: Yosemite, Colorjpplate...Tectonic Domes

Dome mountains resulting from uplifting of tectonic plates
No plate boundaries are directly involved in the formation
ex: Adirondack Mountains (NY), Black Hills (SD)
Fault-Block Mountains

Fault block mountains are formed as a result of a combination of tension and uplift forces. The stretching and cracking of the crust gives the mountains their appearance and name.

ex: Sierra Nevada (CA)
thumbnail: aerial view of Franklin

Horst & Grabens

Horsts and grabens are large blocks of land that have either been uplifted or dropped due to direct plate interaction.

Horst - section of land lifted up near a divergent plate
Graben - section of dropped land near a divergent plate
...

Hope this helps you...