Question

describe the life and achievement of Martin Luther. Give me points

Answer 1

Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Christian minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the Civil Rights Movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968. Born in Atlanta Georgia, King is best known for advancing civil rights through nonviolence and civil disobedience, inspired by his Christian beliefs and the nonviolent activism of Mahatma Gandhi.

The Reverend Doctor
Martin Luther King Jr.
Portrait of King
1st President of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
In office
January 10, 1957 – April 4, 1968
Preceded by
Position established
Succeeded by
Ralph Abernathy
Personal details
Born
Michael J. King Jr.
January 15, 1929
Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
Died
April 4, 1968 (aged 39)
Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.
Cause of death
Assassination
Resting place
Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park
Spouse(s)
Coretta Scott (m. 1953)
Children
Yolanda
Martin
Dexter
Bernice
Parents
Martin Luther King Sr.
Alberta Williams King
Relatives
Christine King Farris (sister)
Alfred Daniel Williams King (brother)
Alveda King (niece)
Education
Morehouse College (BA)
Crozer Theological Seminary (BDiv)
Boston University (PhD)
Occupation
Minister, activist
Known for
Civil rights movement, Peace movement
Awards
Nobel Peace Prize (1964)
Presidential Medal of Freedom (1977, posthumous)
Congressional Gold Medal (2004, posthumous)
Monuments
Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial
Signature

King led the 1955 Montgomery bus boycott and in 1957 became the first president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). With the SCLC, he led an unsuccessful 1962 struggle against segregation in Albany, Georgia, and helped organize the nonviolent 1963 protests in Birmingham, Alabama. He helped organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.

On October 14, 1964, King won the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolent resistance. In 1965, he helped organize the Selma to Montgomery marches. The following year, he and the SCLC took the movement north to Chicago to work on segregated housing. In his final years, he expanded his focus to include opposition towards poverty and the Vietnam War. He alienated many of his liberal allies with a 1967 speech titled "Beyond Vietnam". J. Edgar Hoover considered him a radical and made him an object of the FBI's COINTELPRO from 1963 on. FBI agents investigated him for possible communist ties, recorded his extramarital liaisons and reported on them to government officials, and on one occasion mailed King a threatening anonymous letter, which he interpreted as an attempt to make him commit suicide.

In 1968, King was planning a national occupation of Washington, D.C., to be called the Poor People's Campaign, when he was assassinated on April 4 in Memphis, Tennessee. His death was followed by riots in many U.S. cities. Allegations that James Earl Ray, the man convicted of killing King, had been framed or acted in concert with government agents persisted for decades after the shooting. Sentenced to 99 years in prison for King's murder, effectively a life sentence as Ray was 41 at the time of conviction, Ray served 29 years of his sentence and died from hepatitis in 1998 while in prison.

King was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal. Martin Luther King Jr. Day was established as a holiday in numerous cities and states beginning in 1971; the holiday was enacted at the federal level by legislation signed by President Ronald Reagan in 1986. Hundreds of streets in the U.S. have been renamed in his honor, and a county in Washington was rededicated for him. The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., was dedicated in 2011.