Describe the life cycle of Marchantia..(8 marks question)
Answers
Answer:
polymorpha. Marchantia undergoes the alternation of generations typical of land plants. Thus, through its life cycle, a multicellular haploid gametophyte generation alternates with a multicellular diploid sporophyte generation
Answer:
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Explanation:
Marchantia
Marchantia is a genus of bryophytes. They are liverworts and found in moist and shady places. They lack true roots, stem and leaves. The plant body is thalloid.
Table of Contents
ClassificationCharacteristicsReproductionAsexualSexualLife Cycle
Bryophytes are known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom as they require water to reproduce sexually and complete their life cycle.
Marchantia reproduce asexually as well as sexually. The life cycle is haplodiplontic and the haploid gametophyte is the dominant phase. The diploid sporophyte is short-lived and dependent on the gametophyte.
Classification of Marchantia
Marchantia is classified under division Hepaticophyta, which includes all the liverworts. Riccia is also a liverwort. Bryophyta is divided into three main classes:
Hepaticopsida- contains liverwortsAnthocerotopsida- contains hornwortsBryopsida- contains mosses
Also see: Classification of Bryophytes
KingdomPlantaeDivisionHepaticophytaClassHepaticopsidaOrderMarchantialesFamilyMarchantiaceaeGenusMarchantia
The genus Marchantia contains around 65 species. They are present in moist and shady places all over the world. Some of the examples are:
Marchantia polymorpha, Marchantia berteroana, Marchantia palmata, Marchantia nepalensis, etc.
Marchantia Characteristics
The common habitat is moist and shady places.The plant body is thalloid. The thallus is dorsiventral, flat and dichotomously branched. The gametophyte is the dominant phase of plant life.The dorsal surface contains diamond-shaped markings, which has central pore in the middle for gaseous exchange. There are chambers present internally beneath the polygonal markings.The ventral surface contains scales and rhizoids. The rhizoids are unicellular and the root-like structure. The main function is to anchor the plant to the substratum and absorb water and minerals.The reproductive bodies are present on the dorsal surface.They bear a cup-shaped structure called gemmae for asexual reproduction.Sexual reproductive organs are born on the stalks called antheridiophore and archegoniophore. They contain male and female reproductive organs called antheridia and archegonia, respectively.The upper epidermis consists of air pores, which open in the air chamber present in the photosynthetic zone. The upper epidermis also contains few chloroplasts.Beneath the air chamber and photosynthetic zone lies the storage zone. It lacks chloroplasts and is made up of parenchymatous cells. They store protein, starch, oil and mucilage.The rhizoids and scales are extended from the lower epidermis.