Describe the lifestyle of the tribes living on the grasslands of the Great Plains and the Southwest. Also write the name of the tribes settled in the above mentioned regions.
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
The Sioux Indians are a group of Native American tribes and one of the First Nations peoples in North America. They are also known as the Dakota. Sioux is also a term that can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation, or to any of the nation’s many language dialects. Three major divisions based on language divisions compromise the Sioux: the Dakota, Lakota and Nakota.
The Santee Dakota live in the extreme east of the Dakotas, Minnesota and Northern Iowa. Yankton and Yanktonai Dakota are collectively referred to by the endonym Wichiyena, and reside in the Minnesota River area. They are considered to be the middle Sioux and have, in the past, been erroneously classified as Nakota. The actual Nakota are the Assiniboine and Stoney of Western Canada and Montana.
Lakota are also known as Teton and are the Sioux found furthest to the west. They are known for their hunting and warrior culture. Today, the Sioux maintain many separate tribal governments that are scattered across several reservations, communities, and reserves in North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, and Montana in the United States, as well as in Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan and Alberta in Canada.
The Sioux name was adopted in English by the 1760s from French. It has been abbreviated from Nadouessioux, first attested by Jean Nicolet in 1640. The name, at times, is said to be from an Ojibwe exonym for the Sioux language meaning “little snakes”. The Proto-Algonquian form *na towe wa, meaning “Northern Iroquoian” has reflexes in several daughter languages that refer to a small rattlesnake. An alternative explanation to the name is derived from an (Algonquian) exonym na towe ssiw, forming a verb *-a towe meaning “to speak a foreign language”. Currently the Ojibwe term for the Sioux and related groups is Bwaanag (singular Bwaan), and means “roasters”, presumably referring to a style of cooking that they have used in the past.
Some of the tribes within the Sioux have formally or informally adopted traditional names, such as the Rosebud Sioux Tribe, also known as the Sichangu Oyate, and the Oglala, who often use the name Oglala Lakhota Oyate, rather than the English “Oglala Sioux Tribe” or OST. An alternative spelling in English for these people is Ogallala, and is considered improper.
Historically, the Sioux have referred to the Great Sioux Nation as the Ochethi Sakowin, which means “Seven Council Fires”. Each fire would symbolize an oyate (people or nation). The seven nations that compromise the Sioux are the Mdewakanton, Wahpeton, Wahpekute, Sisseton, Yankton, Yanktonai and the Teton (or Lakota). The Seven Council Fires would assemble each summer to hold a council, renew kinships, decide tribal matters, and then participated in the Sun Dance. These seven divisions would select four leaders known as Wichasa Yatapika from among the leaders of each division. Being one of these four leaders was considered the highest honor for a leader. However, the annual gathering meant that the majority of tribal administration was cared for by the usual leaders of each division. The last meeting of the Seven Council Fires was in 1850.
Today, the Teton, Santee (a mixture of the four Dakota tribes), and the Minnesota Dakota, and Yankton/Yanktonai are usually known, respectively, as the Lakota, Eastern Dakota, and Western Dakota. In any of the three main dialects, Lakota or Dakota translate to mean “friend” or “ally”, referring to their alliance that had once bound the Great Sioux Nation.