Question

describe the major peculiarities of industrial growth in India in 19th century

Answer 1

The following points may help you:

a. ​The India cotton industry and textiles , including silk  centuries had  for centuries made India's name a byword in the World . Merchants from Central Asia through land and sea routes established a vast network of export trade .This trade network also involved bankers, merchants in giving finances/advances to weavers, in supplying goods to exporters.
b. In India,   new trading centres however came up  under the control of European Colonial powers. For instance, with the advent of European companies in India, new trading centres of Bengal, Bombay rose to prominence. European agencies traded in tea, coffee, indigo etc.
c. Follwed by the setting up of factories and expansion of production in the colonies.
d. For instance, how the first cotton mill was established in India in 1854, followed by jute mill in Bengal.
e. Indian entrepreneurs played a very important role in setting up of Indian industries as they linked the British trade with China, Many Indians like Dwarkanath Tagore​,Parsis like Dinshaw Petit and Jamsetjee Nusserwanjee Tata​ became important players in this trade by providing finances and procuring, shipping supplies.
 f. This helped them make huge wealth from the trade with China, they were also involved in trade netwoks in Burma, Africa etc.
g. This later set up huge industrial empires in India. 
h. Industrial growth  is associated with the rise of working class, who migrated from villages to cities in search of better job opportunities. This primarily included peasants and artisans who were effected by colonial policies.
h. It is associated wIth the rise of a new class of capitalist class in colonies, who gained and made huge money through a network of the British trade with other countries and later invested heavily and built new factories
i. The early cotton mills that were established in India produced yarn which was exported to China.
j. Later, industrialisation in India got boost with swadeshi and boycott movement, with the call by local industrialists for great trade concessions, who now started producing cloth.
k.In India, Industrial expansion occurred  in India during the first world war when British exports declined.
In India to meet the war needs like leather shoes, jute bags, uniforms new factories were set up. Old factories began to work in multiple shifts. Industrial production thus in India expanded, large number of workers were employed.
l. After the war Britain could not recapture its old position 

 

Answer 2

The major peculiarities of industrial growth are as follows:-
i. the british merchants who had their industries in india were interested in trading on only some specific items.

ii. when indian industries started its production, it avoided competition with manchester.

iii. during the swadeshi movement, indians boycotted foreign goods.

iv. till the first wold war, pace of industrialisation was very slow.

v. as the britishers were engaged in first world war, manchester production collapsed.

vi. indian factories supplied the war needs.