Question

describe the manufacture of nitric acid by ostwald method with labelled diagram giving chemical equation.Give chemical equation for reaction in hot and concentrated nitic acid with iodine and cold and dilute nitric acid with Zn​

Answer 1

Answer:

Ostwald process to manufacture nitric acid-

Step 1: Catalytic oxidation of Ammonia

A mixture of dry air and dry ammonia in the ratio of 10:1 by volume is compressed and then passed into a platinum gauze which acts as catalyst at about 800℃.

4NH

3

+5O

2

⟶4NO+6H

2

O+Heat

Step 2: Oxidation of nitric oxide

Nitric oxide combines with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide at about 50°C.

2NO+O

2

⟶2NO

2

Step 3: Absorption of nitrogen dioxide in water

The nitrogen dioxide and oxygen present in the air react with water to form nitric acid.

4NO

2

+2H

2

O+O

2

⟶

Nitric acid

4HNO

3

Nitric acid obtained is concentrated above 50%. On further distillation, 68% nitric acid is produced.