Describe the mechanism by which tge human heart beat is initiated and controlled
Answers
The sinoatrial node (SAN) sends a wave of electrical activity across the atria causing atrial contraction. The non-conducting tissue stops the immediate contraction of the ventricles. The atrioventricular node (AVN) delays the impulse whilst the blood leaves the atria and fills the ventricles. After the ventricle fills, the AVN sends a wave of electrical activity down the Bundle of His which causes the ventricles to contract from the base up.
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The heartbeat or pumping of heart mechanism is caused by contractions and relaxations of the myocardium.
Explanation:
The contraction of myocardium are caused by electrical impulses in the muscle. The electrical impulses of the right atrium is controlled by of sinoatrial, or S-A, node also known as pacemaker. An S-A node impulsion causes the two atria to contract, driving blood into the ventricles. The ventricle contraction is controlled by the atrioventricular, or A-V node present at the junction between the two atria.
Following contraction process the ventricle undergoes relaxation and the pressure within ventricle fall. it allows the movement of blood again into atria and again it controlled by the impulse from the S-A. the blood then transferred to the whole body organs through the network of nerves.
The process of relaxation is called diastole and the process of contraction is called systole.
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