Question

Describe the modifications of the stem. Give examples for the same.​

Answer 1

Modification of stem

Explanation:

• You can classify the stem by virtue of it as follows with suitable examples:

1.Underground stems: which stores food in them.

•examples: potato,ginger,turmeric ,colocasia etc.

2.Stem tendrils: Develops from axillary buds;helps plants to climb .

• examples: cucumber,pumpkins etc.

3.Thorns: Developed from axillary buds.

• Are woody,straight.

•Examples: Citrus,bougainvillea.

4.Cladode and Phylloclade: former is found in euphorbia and lateral is found in opuntia.

5.Offsets are also seen in water hyacinth with internodes and each node bearing a rosette of flowers.

Answer 2

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===>Given:-

>>>Modifications of the stem are as follows:<<<

===> Step by step explain

Stem Tendrils- 

These may be branched with scaly leaves. Eg., Passiflora, Antogonon

Stem Thorns-

 These are sharp needle-like structures that are formed to reduce transpiration and also act as a defence. For eg., Citrus, Pomegranate

Phylloclades-

These are green, flattened, succulent, leaf-shaped structures that perform photosynthesis. They possess indefinite growth. For eg., Opuntia, Euphorbia soyleana.

Cladodes-

 They are green, photosynthetic of limited growth. The leaves are either modified into spines or reduced to scales. For eg., Ruscus, Asparagus