Question

Describe the parts of the flower giving the functions of each. Answer these questions
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Answer 1

Flowers are the reproductive part of a plant. They are not only involved in reproduction, but are also a source of food for other living organisms. They are a rich source of nectar.

Flowers can either be

• Complete
• Incomplete.

A complete flower is the one that consists of sepals, petals, stamens and pistil. On the contrary, an incomplete flower is the one that lacks one or more of these structures.

A complete flower consists of two different parts:

• Vegetative Part
• Reproductive Part

The vegetative part of a flower consists of the following:

• Petals: This is a bright-coloured part that attracts bees, insects, and birds. Colour of petals varies from plant to plant; some are bright while some are pale coloured. Thus, petals help us to differentiate one flower from another.
• Sepals: Sepal is the green-coloured part beneath the petals to protect rising buds. Some flowers have fused petals-sepals while a few have separated petals-sepals.

The reproductive parts of a flower consist of the following:

• Stamen: This is the male reproductive organ and is also known as Androecium. It consists of two parts namely: anther and filaments.

1. The anther is a yellowish, sac-like structure, involved in producing and storing the pollens.
2. The filament is a slender, threadlike object, which functions by supporting the anther.

• Pistil: This is the innermost part and the female reproductive organ of a flower which comprises three parts -stigma, style and ovary. This is collectively known as the pistil.
• Stigma: It is the topmost part or receptive tip of carpels in the gynoecium of a flower.
• Style: It is the long tube-like slender stalk that connects stigma and the ovary.
• Ovary: It is the ductless reproductive gland that holds a lot of ovules. It is the part of the plant where the seed formation takes place.