describe the policy of government on higher education as per tenth five year plan
Answers
During the 10th Five-year Plan, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the educational sector in China continues to adopt Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thoughts of “Three Represents” as the guidance and to set up and implements a rational philosophy of development. We have consolidated achievements, deepened reforms, improved quality and pursued sustainable development. New progresses were scored for the nation’s education reform and development, making new contributions to the nation’s modernization process and socio-economic development.
(1). Education in rural areas has experienced fundamental changes and new progress made for the universalization of 9-year compulsory education
The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to education in rural areas. During the 10th Five-year Plan, the State Council held National Working Conference on Basic Education and National Working Conference on Education in Rural Areas, specifying educational development in rural areas as a strategic priority. The central government initiated and implemented a series of projects and policies aiming to accelerate the development of education in rural areas, such as the State’s Compulsory Education Project in Poverty-Stricken Areas, The Project for the Reconstruction of Dilapidated School Buildings in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools, and the Project for Making Breakthroughs in Universalizing Compulsory Education and Eradicating Illiteracy among Middle and Young-aged Groups in Western China. Through these projects and policies, condition for education provision in rural areas, especially in poverty-stricken areas, has been greatly improved and the difficulty of schooling for students from poor families has been further relieved. At the end of 2005, the State Council decided to reform the funding assurance system for compulsory education in the countryside, thus bringing rural compulsory education expenditure into the overall public funding assurance framework. This strategic measure will benefit millions of farmers and bring fundamental changes to compulsory education in rural areas.
During the 10th 5-Year Plan, we have regarded the consolidation and improvement of the existing achievements in ‘Univerlization of 9-Year Compulsory Education and Eradication of Illiteracy Among Young and Middle-aged Groups’ as the fundamental tasks for educational reform and development in China. With the adoption of relevant polices and programmes, we have intensified our efforts and entered into a new stage. Statistics show that nine-year compulsory education had covered over 95% of the relevant age group in China in 2005, a 10% increase over the year 2000. In 2005, 108,640,700 students studied in primary schools and the attendance rate amounted to 99.15%, representing an increase of 0.05% of that of 2000; the gross enrollment rate for junior secondary schools amounted to 95% with a total enrollment of 62,149,400 students, a 6% increase from that of year 2000. In addition, 69.68% of graduates from junior secondary schools could continue their study in high school education, an 18.51% increase over that of year 2000. Pre-school education has enjoyed stable development with 21,790,300 enrolled in kindergartens and a gross attendance rate of 41.4%, representing a 1.92% increase over the year 2000. Literacy education has been further promoted with 9,717,300 being trained out of illiteracy during the 10th 5-Year Plan period. The illiteracy rate of the middle and young aged group has been kept below 4%. Minority education and special education also witnessed continuous development.