Describe the political and cultural effects of achemenid rule on india
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Answer:
The Achaemenid Empire (/əˈkiːmənɪd/; Xšāça (Old Persian) "The Empire"[1] c. 550–330 BC), also called the First Persian Empire,[14] was an ancient Iranian empire based in Western Asia founded by Cyrus the Great. Ranging at its greatest extent from the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west to the Indus Valley in the east, it was larger than any previous empire in history, spanning 5.5[9][10] (or 8)[11] million square kilometers. Incorporating various peoples of different origins and faiths, it is notable for its successful model of a centralised, bureaucratic administration (through satraps under the King of Kings), for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system, the use of an official language across its territories, and the development of civil services and a large professional army. The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires.[15]
Achaemenid Empire
Xšāça (Old Persian)
"The Empire"[1]
550 BC–330 BC
Flag of Persia
Standard of Cyrus the Great [a]
The Achaemenid Empire at its greatest territorial extent, under the rule of Darius I (522 BC to 486 BC)
The Achaemenid Empire at its greatest territorial extent,
under the rule of Darius I (522 BC to 486 BC)
Capital
Babylon[3] (main capital), Pasargadae, Ecbatana, Susa, Persepolis
Common languages
Old Persian[a]
Aramaic[b]
Babylonian[4]
Median
Greek[5]
Elamite[6]
Sumerian[c]
Egyptian
many others
Religion
Zoroastrianism, Mithraism,[7]:21 Babylonian religion[8]
Government
Monarchy
King (xšāyaϑiya) or King of Kings (xšāyaϑiya xšāyaϑiyānām)
• 559–529 BC
Cyrus the Great
• 336–330 BC
Darius III
Historical era
Classical antiquity
• Persian Revolt
550 BC
• Conquest of Lydia
547 BC
• Conquest of Babylon
539 BC
• Conquest of Egypt
525 BC
• Greco-Persian Wars
499–449 BC
• Corinthian War
395–387 BC
• Second conquest of Egypt
343 BC
• Fall to Macedonia
330 BC
Area
500 BC[9][10]
5,500,000 km2 (2,100,000 sq mi)
480 BC[11]
8,000,000 km2 (3,100,000 sq mi)
Population
• 500 BC[9][10][12]
17 million to 35 million
Currency
Daric, siglos
Preceded by Succeeded by
Median Empire
Neo-Babylonian Empire
Lydia
Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt
Gandhara
Sogdia
Massagetae
Empire of Alexander the Great
Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt
a. ^ Native language.
b. ^ Official language and lingua franca.[13]
c. ^ Literary language in Babylonia.
By the 7th century BC, the Persians had settled in the south-western portion of the Iranian Plateau in the region of Persis, which came to be their heartland.[16] From this region, Cyrus the Great advanced to defeat the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire, establishing the Achaemenid Empire. Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great,[17] conquered most of the empire by 330 BC.[18] Upon Alexander's death, most of the empire's former territory fell under the rule of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and Seleucid Empire, in addition to other minor territories which gained independence at that time. The Iranian elites of the central plateau reclaimed power by the second century BC under the Parthian Empire.[16]
The Achaemenid Empire is noted in Western history as the antagonist of the Greek city-states during the Greco-Persian Wars and for the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon. The historical mark of the empire went far beyond its territorial and military influences and included cultural, social, technological and religious influences as well. Despite the lasting conflict between the two states, many Athenians adopted Achaemenid customs in their daily lives in a reciprocal cultural exchange,[19] some being employed by or allied to the Persian kings. The impact of Cyrus's edict is mentioned in Judeo-Christian texts, and the empire was instrumental in the spread of Zoroastrianism as far east as China. The empire also set the tone for the politics, heritage and history of Iran (also known as Persia).[20]
The political and cultural effects of achaemenid rule on india are mentioned below :
- The Achaemenid Empire engraved it's roots in India during the era of 522 BC to 486 BC by settling their empire in most of the south and west areas of the country.
- Although there was no political effect of this empire on our country as the conquest of this particular empire was only till 330 BC in our country.
- Although the connection between Indian and Greek culture was established by the help of Achaemenid Empire as they maintained trade relationship via sea and land routes.