Question

Describe the powers and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.​

Answer 1

Explanation:

ᴩᴏᴡᴇʀ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴜᴩʀᴇᴍᴇ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛ

1. ꜰɪʀꜱᴛ, ᴀꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ʜɪɢʜᴇꜱᴛ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀɴᴅ, ɪᴛ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛ ᴏꜰ ʟᴀꜱᴛ ʀᴇꜱᴏʀᴛ ꜰᴏʀ ᴛʜᴏꜱᴇ ʟᴏᴏᴋɪɴɢ ꜰᴏʀ ᴊᴜꜱᴛɪᴄᴇ.
2. , ᴅᴜᴇ ᴛᴏ ɪᴛꜱ ᴩᴏᴡᴇʀ ᴏꜰ ᴊᴜᴅɪᴄɪᴀʟ ʀᴇᴠɪᴇᴡ, ɪᴛ ᴩʟᴀyꜱ ᴀɴ ᴇꜱꜱᴇɴᴛɪᴀʟ ʀᴏʟᴇ ɪɴ ᴇɴꜱᴜʀɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴇᴀᴄʜ ʙʀᴀɴᴄʜ ᴏꜰ ɢᴏᴠᴇʀɴᴍᴇɴᴛ ʀᴇᴄᴏɢɴɪᴢᴇꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ʟɪᴍɪᴛꜱ ᴏꜰ ɪᴛꜱ ᴏᴡɴ ᴩᴏᴡᴇʀ.
3. , ɪᴛ ᴩʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛꜱ ᴄɪᴠɪʟ ʀɪɢʜᴛꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ʟɪʙᴇʀᴛɪᴇꜱ ʙy ꜱᴛʀɪᴋɪɴɢ ᴅᴏᴡɴ ʟᴀᴡꜱ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴠɪᴏʟᴀᴛᴇ ᴄᴏɴꜱᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪᴏɴ. ꜰɪɴᴀʟʟy, ɪᴛ ꜱᴇᴛꜱ ᴀᴩᴩʀᴏᴩʀɪᴀᴛᴇ ʟɪᴍɪᴛꜱ ᴏɴ ᴅᴇᴍᴏᴄʀᴀᴛɪᴄ ɢᴏᴠᴇʀɴᴍᴇɴᴛ ʙy ᴇɴꜱᴜʀɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴩᴏᴩᴜʟᴀʀ ᴍᴀᴊᴏʀɪᴛɪᴇꜱ ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ᴩᴀꜱꜱ ʟᴀᴡꜱ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʜᴀʀᴍ ᴀɴᴅ/ᴏʀ ᴛᴀᴋᴇ ᴜɴᴅᴜᴇ ᴀᴅᴠᴀɴᴛᴀɢᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴜɴᴩᴏᴩᴜʟᴀʀ ᴍɪɴᴏʀɪᴛɪᴇꜱ.
4. ɪɴ ᴇꜱꜱᴇɴᴄᴇ, ɪᴛ ꜱᴇʀᴠᴇꜱ ᴛᴏ ᴇɴꜱᴜʀᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴɢɪɴɢ ᴠɪᴇᴡꜱ ᴏꜰ ᴀ ᴍᴀᴊᴏʀɪᴛy ᴅᴏ ɴᴏᴛ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀᴍɪɴᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ꜰᴜɴᴅᴀᴍᴇɴᴛᴀʟ ᴠᴀʟᴜᴇꜱ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ᴛᴏ ᴀʟʟ ᴀᴍᴇʀɪᴄᴀɴꜱ, ɪ.ᴇ., ꜰʀᴇᴇᴅᴏᴍ ᴏꜰ ꜱᴩᴇᴇᴄʜ, ꜰʀᴇᴇᴅᴏᴍ ᴏꜰ ʀᴇʟɪɢɪᴏɴ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴜᴇ ᴩʀᴏᴄᴇꜱꜱ ᴏꜰ ʟᴀᴡ.

ᴊᴜʀɪꜱᴅɪᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴜᴩʀᴇᴍᴇ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛ.

ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴜᴩʀᴇᴍᴇ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛ ʜᴀꜱ ꜱᴩᴇᴄɪᴀʟ ᴀᴅᴠɪꜱᴏʀy ᴊᴜʀɪꜱᴅɪᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀꜱ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴍᴀy ꜱᴩᴇᴄɪꜰɪᴄᴀʟʟy ʙᴇ ʀᴇꜰᴇʀʀᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ɪᴛ ʙy ᴛʜᴇ ᴩʀᴇꜱɪᴅᴇɴᴛ ᴏꜰ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ 143 ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏɴꜱᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪᴏɴ. ᴛʜᴇʀᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ᴩʀᴏᴠɪꜱɪᴏɴꜱ ꜰᴏʀ ʀᴇꜰᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴏʀ ᴀᴩᴩᴇᴀʟ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜɪꜱ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ 317(1) ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏɴꜱᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪᴏɴ, ꜱᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ 257 ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴄᴏᴍᴇ ᴛᴀx ᴀᴄᴛ, 1961, ꜱᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ 7(2) ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏɴᴏᴩᴏʟɪᴇꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴇꜱᴛʀɪᴄᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴛʀᴀᴅᴇ ᴩʀᴀᴄᴛɪᴄᴇꜱ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1969, ꜱᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ 130-ᴀ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴜꜱᴛᴏᴍꜱ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1962, ꜱᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ 35-ʜ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴇɴᴛʀᴀʟ ᴇxᴄɪꜱᴇꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ꜱᴀʟᴛ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1944 ᴀɴᴅ ꜱᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ 82ᴄ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɢᴏʟᴅ (ᴄᴏɴᴛʀᴏʟ) ᴀᴄᴛ, 1968. ᴀᴩᴩᴇᴀʟꜱ ᴀʟꜱᴏ ʟɪᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴜᴩʀᴇᴍᴇ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇᴩʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴩᴇᴏᴩʟᴇ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1951, ᴍᴏɴᴏᴩᴏʟɪᴇꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴇꜱᴛʀɪᴄᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴛʀᴀᴅᴇ ᴩʀᴀᴄᴛɪᴄᴇꜱ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1969, ᴀᴅᴠᴏᴄᴀᴛᴇꜱ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1961, ᴄᴏɴᴛᴇᴍᴩᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛꜱ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1971, ᴄᴜꜱᴛᴏᴍꜱ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1962, ᴄᴇɴᴛʀᴀʟ ᴇxᴄɪꜱᴇꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ꜱᴀʟᴛ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1944, ᴇɴʟᴀʀɢᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴄʀɪᴍɪɴᴀʟ ᴀᴩᴩᴇʟʟᴀᴛᴇ ᴊᴜʀɪꜱᴅɪᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1970, ᴛʀɪᴀʟ ᴏꜰ ᴏꜰꜰᴇɴᴄᴇꜱ ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ᴛʀᴀɴꜱᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ɪɴ ꜱᴇᴄᴜʀɪᴛɪᴇꜱ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1992, ᴛᴇʀʀᴏʀɪꜱᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴅɪꜱʀᴜᴩᴛɪᴠᴇ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛɪᴇꜱ (ᴩʀᴇᴠᴇɴᴛɪᴏɴ) ᴀᴄᴛ, 1987 ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏɴꜱᴜᴍᴇʀ ᴩʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1986. ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴩᴇᴛɪᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴩᴀʀᴛ ɪɪɪ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ᴩʀᴇꜱɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪᴀʟ ᴀɴᴅ ᴠɪᴄᴇ ᴩʀᴇꜱɪᴅᴇɴᴛɪᴀʟ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴀᴄᴛ, 1952 ᴀʀᴇ ᴀʟꜱᴏ ꜰɪʟᴇᴅ ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛʟy ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ꜱᴜᴩʀᴇᴍᴇ ᴄᴏᴜʀᴛ.

Answer 2

The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial court under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of judicial review.

• Consisting of the Chief Justice of India and a maximum of 34 judges, it has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction