describe the preparation of soap. Give the formula of an ordinary washing soap.
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Soap: Soap is a sodium or potassium salt of a fatty acid(stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid). Sodium soap is present in washing soap, while potassium soap is present in bathing soap.
Preparation of soap:
On heating with sodium hydroxide, vegetable oil or animal fat forms a sodium salt of fatty acid and glycerol. This process is known as saponification.
vegetable oil or Animal fat + Sodium hydroxide
Δ-->Saponification
Glycerol + Sodium salt of fatty acid(Soap)
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Glycerol + sodium salt of fatty acid ( soap )
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