Question

describe the principal of construction and working of a kaleidoscope

Answer 1

A kaleidoscope operates on the principle of multiple reflection, where several mirrors are placed at an angle to one another, (usually 60°). Typically there are three rectangular mirrors set at 60° to each other so that they form an equilateral triangle. The 60° angle generates an infinite regular grid of duplicate images of the original, with each image having six possible angles and being a mirror image or not. As the tube is rotated, the tumbling of the coloured objects presents varying colours and patterns. Arbitrary patterns show up as a beautiful symmetrical pattern created by the reflections. Working of kaleidoscope: Materials required:                          Three strips of plane mirrors of equal sizes, adhesive tape, a small triangular piece of glass, butter paper, small coloured object and a piece of cardboard. Procedure:                         Take three strips of plane mirrors of equal sizes, say 15 cm long and 4 cm wide. Join the long edges of the mirror strips, with an adhesive tape on their outer side, so that their reflecting surfaces face each other and they form a triangular tube. Close one end of the triangular tube with a small triangular sheet of glass. Paste a piece of butter paper on the outer side of the triangular glass sheet. Put some small coloured objects from its open end, into the tube. These objects may be coloured beads, stars, broken pieces of bangles or plastic toys. Be sure that these coloured objects have enough space to move inside the tube. Finally, close the open end of the tube with a piece of cardboard, having a 2 mm wide hole in its centre. The kaleidoscope is ready. To make it more durable and decorative , you can wrap the sides of your kaleidoscope with a brightly coloured and designed paper.   Working of kaleidoscope:                               Look through the hole of the kaleidoscope with one eye. Rotate the kaleidoscope to see the different and new patterns made by the coloured objects, due to multiple reflections. Hope it helps

Answer 2

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A kaleidoscope is composed of a hollow tube. Three mirrors are placed in the form of a triangular tube and their reflecting surfaces face each other. One end of the tube is covered with a transparent sheet and another end is covered with an opaque sheet. There is an eyehole in the opaque sheet. Bits of glass are filled inside the tube. When a kaleidoscope is turned, we get to see various patterns in it. These patterns are formed because of multiple reflections.

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