Describe the principle and mode of action of antifungal agents
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Fungal and human cells, because of phylogenetic similarities, have homologous metabolic pathways to generate energy, to synthesize proteins, and for cell division. Currently available antifungal agents may be categorized according to their molecular targets. Primary molecular targets for antifungal agents are enzymes and other molecules involved in cell wall synthesis, plasma membrane synthesis, fungal DNA synthesis, and mitosis
The antifungal agent flucytosine is absorbed via cytosine-specific permiases lacking in human cells. Flucytosine is metabolized to 5-fluorouracil, which is converted to 5-fluorodeoxyuridylic acid monophosphate (5-FdUMP). 5-FdUMP inhibits thymidylate synthase; consequently, it inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division. The antifungal agent griseofulvin inhibits microtubule function; consequently, it disrupts the mitotic spindle, and inhibits mitosis
The antifungal agent flucytosine is absorbed via cytosine-specific permiases lacking in human cells. Flucytosine is metabolized to 5-fluorouracil, which is converted to 5-fluorodeoxyuridylic acid monophosphate (5-FdUMP). 5-FdUMP inhibits thymidylate synthase; consequently, it inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division. The antifungal agent griseofulvin inhibits microtubule function; consequently, it disrupts the mitotic spindle, and inhibits mitosis
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