Question

Describe the procedure to make the sample of the following:
1 Ektara OR a toy telephone
2 A simple electroscope​

Answer 1

An electroscope is a device that is used to test if an object is carrying a charge or not. It consists of 2 metal leaves that are connected to a metal rod which in turn is connected to a disc. Whenever an object strikes the electroscope which has a positive charge, the same positive charge will be conducted to the leaves. These leaves are metallic and as they carry the same charge so they repel each other. When the leaves move away from each other this means the object is a charged body and if they come close to each other this implies the object is uncharged.

Answer 2

Concept: (i) A tin can telephone is a form of acoustic (non-electrical) speech-transmitting device made out of two tin cans, paper cups, or similarly shaped things connected by a taut rope or wire on either end.

(ii) The electroscope is a primitive scientific equipment for detecting the presence of electric charge on a body. The movement of a test object due to the Coulomb electrostatic force on it is used to detect charge. The voltage of an object determines how much charge it carries.

Solution : (i) To construct a telephone out of paper cups and thread

The following materials are required:

1. Two paper clips

2. Two paper cups

3. A string length of about 2.7 metres

4. Pins

Procedure:-

Using the pin, poke a hole in the centre of both cups' bases. To one end of the string, tie a paperclip. Pass the other end of the string through one of the paper cups' holes. Inside the paper cup, the paperclip should be fitted. Place the string's free end through the hole at the bottom of the second paper cup. It should be inserted from the outside of the cup. Pull enough string through the hole so that the second paperclip may be tied to the end of the rope until it is taut.

(ii) Materials required to make a simple electroscope

1. Jar made of clear glass
2. Jar lid or a wide piece of plastic to cover the jar's opening Electrical tape
3. 14g or heavier copper wire
4. Straw
5. Scissors
6. Adhesive gun
7. Gold leaf or aluminium foil
8. Record on vinyl
9. Carpet Balloon Rubber-soled shoe
10. Any other material you'd like to put to the test

Procedure:-

On a dry day, do this experiment! If it's humid or raining, the experiment could not work. Cut a two-inch length of straw using the scissors. Make a hole in the centre of the jar lid or a piece of plastic large enough to fit the straw through with the assistance of an adult. Place your straw in the lid's hole. The straw should be hot glued to the lid to keep it tight. Using copper wire, cut a ten-inch length. To provide some surface area, twist the top 4 inches into a spiral or circle.  Make a 1 inch long hook by inserting the straight end of the wire through the straw. On the hook, hang two little pieces of foil or gold leaf. Ascertain that they are in touch. Place the metal's hooked end into the jar and secure the lid with a twist or tape. Now it's time to charge our materials with static electricity! Using your hand or a piece of wool, vigorously rub each of your materials. Bring each of your things near the coiled wire on your electroscope after you've given them a charge. The materials with the highest charge-holding capacity will cause the electroscope's foil pieces to move the most.

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