Question

describe the process of fertilization?​

Answer 1

$\dag\:\underline{\sf AnsWer :}$

$\dag \: \purple{\underline{\textsf{\textbf \red{Process of Fertilization : }}}}$

• The fusion of haploid male and female gamate that results in the formation of diploid zygote is known as fertilization.
• The process of fertilization in human being is internal.
• The deposition of sperms in vagina swims across the uterus and fertilize the ovum in ampulla of the fallopian tube.

$\dag \: \red{\underline{\textsf{\textbf \purple{Events takes place during the process of Fertilization : }}}}$

(i) Insemination :- Discharging the semen in vagina during the time of copulation is called as Insemination.

(ii) The movement of the sperms towards the egg :-

• During the process of deposition of the sperms in vagina it undergoes the process of capacitation for 5 to 6 hours.
• During the process of capacitation the acrosomal membrane of the sperm becomes thin and the Ca⁺⁺ is added to the sperm to make it energetic.
• The sperms reaches up to the ampulla with the help of swimming aided with contraction of uterus and fallopian tube.
• By capacitation process the sperms can reach the ampulla within 5 minutes.
• Sperms remains viable for 24 to 48 hours
• Ovum remains viable for 24 hours.

(iii) The entry of the sperm into the egg :-

• As we all know that the many sperms reaches the ampulla but just one and only one single sperm can fertilizes the ovum.
• The acrosomal membrane of the sperm contains the enzymes like hyaluronidase, corona penitrating enzyme and lysins. When this acrosome of sperm comes in the contact with ovum then it releases this above given enzymes.
• Corona radiata is separated and dissolved by these enzymes.

(vi) Fusion of egg and sperm :-

• The coverings of the male and the female pronuclei degenerate results in the formation of synkaryon by the process of syngamy and thus the zygote is formed.

Answer 2

Answer:

The fusion of haploid male and female gamate that results in the formation of diploid zygote is known as fertilization.

The process of fertilization in human being is internal.

The deposition of sperms in vagina swims across the uterus and fertilize the ovum in ampulla of the fallopian tube.