Describe the process of separation of components of air by fractio
nal distillation
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Answer:
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Explanation:
The air in Earth's atmosphere consists of nitrogen (78 percent), oxygen (21 percent), argon (0.93 percent), carbon dioxide (0.038 percent) and other trace gases, including water vapor and other noble gases. Scientists can extract trace gases from air by using filters or cooling the air. For example, carbon dioxide turns into a solid at −79 °C ( −110 °F). To separate a sample of air into its primary components – nitrogen and oxygen – they have to cool the air significantly more, down to −200 °C (−328 °F), which is almost as cold as the surface of Pluto. The process is known as the fractional distillation of liquid air or cryogenic distillation. It requires an air separation unit which is not unlike a conventional distillation tube used for purifying water.