Describe the process of transcription
Answers
Answer:
Transcription is the process in which a DNA sequence is transcribed into an RNA molecule with the help of enzyme RNA polymerase. One of the DNA strands acts as a template to make a complementary RNA strand.
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Answer:
DNA transcription is a process that involves transcribing genetic information from DNA to RNA in multicellular organisms.
There are three main steps to the process of DNA transcription:
Initiation: RNA Polymerase Binds to DNA
RNA polymerase is the enzyme that transcribes DNA. Specific nucleotide sequences instruct RNA polymerase where to begin and where to end. RNA polymerase attaches to the Deoxyribonucleic Acid at a specific area called the promoter region. The DNA or the genetic material in the promoter region contains specific sequences that allow RNA polymerase to bind to the DNA.
Elongation of the RNA strand
Certain enzymes called transcription factors that un-winds the DNA strand and allow RNA polymerase to transcribe only a single strand of DNA into a single-stranded (Ribonucleic Acid) RNA polymer called messenger RNA (mRNA). The DNA strand that serves as the template is called the antisense strand. The DNA strand that is not transcribed is called the sense strand.
Like DNA, RNA is composed of many nucleotide bases. RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) however, contains the nucleotides adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil (U). When RNA polymerase transcribes the DNA, guanine pairs with cytosine, and adenine pairs with uracil.
Termination of the process of creating one Ribonucleic Acid strand
RNA polymerase which moves along the DNA does not stop until it reaches a terminator sequence in the Deoxyribonucleic acid. At that point, RNA polymerase releases the mRNA polymer to detach from the DNA.