Describe the process that occurs during inhalation and exhalation.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
During inhalation, the lungs expand with air and oxygen diffuses across the lung's surface, entering the bloodstream. During exhalation, the lungs expel air and lung volume decreases. ... During exhalation, the diaphragm is relaxed which decreases the volume of the lung cavity.
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The processes of inspiration (breathing in) and expiration (breathing out) are vital for providing oxygen to tissues and removing carbon dioxide from the body. Inspiration occurs via active contraction of muscles – such as the diaphragm – whereas expiration tends to be passive, unless it is forced.
MECHANISM OF INSPIRATION:
The process of intake of atmospheric air is known as inspiration. It is an active process.
When the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and the air pressure decreases, inspiration takes place.
Contraction of external intercostal muscles increases the volume of the thoracic cavity.
Contraction of the diaphragm further increases the size of the thoracic activity. Simultaneously, the lungs expand.
With the expansion of the lungs, the air pressure inside the lungs decreases.
The pressure equalizes and the atmospheric air rushes inside the lungs.
MECHANISM OF EXPIRATION
The process of exhaling carbon dioxide is called expiration. It is a passive process.
It occurs when the size of the thoracic activity decreases and the air pressure outside increases.
Now the external intercostal muscles relax and the internal intercostal muscles contract.
As a result, the ribs are pulled inwards and the size of the thoracic cavity is reduced.
The diaphragm is relaxed and the lungs get compressed.
Consequently, the pressure increases and the air is forced outside.