Describe
the
reasons behind the war of
independence. Also explain causes of
failure.
Answers
Answer:
CAUSES OF FAILURE: THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 1857
2. Causes 1. Lack of Leadership and Discipline. There was no leader who could single handed lead all the groups 2. Lack of Unity among the freedom fighters 3. The freedom fighters lacked resources of all types. They were short of not only war equipment but food stuffs as well 4. Superior technology of English troops, the British fought with latest weapons
3. Cont. 5. Non-cooperation of the rulers of the States, The rulers of different states of Indo-Pakistan did not come to the help of the freedom fighters 6. The Sikhs of the province of Punjab considered the Muslims as their traditional enemies. Thus they decided to support the British in the war of Independence 7. The British succeeded in finding certain traitors in the ranks of the freedom fighters
4. Cont... 8. Bahadur Shah, the Indian King, had no experience of fighting a war 9. Punjab, Sind and Kashmir sent their troops to help the British 10. British army was highly organized, trained, disciplined and experienced 11. Hindus were not much interested in the war because even if they had won the war, they would come again under a Muslim domination
5. PROCLAMATION/DECLARATION OF 1858 • Queen Victoria was reigning in England during the revolt • The Queen’s proclamation incorporating the transfer of governance from East India Company to the British Crown was made public at Allahabad on November 1, 1858 by Lord Canning, the first viceroy of India • The proclamation promised that the government of India would :
6. Cont... 1. Follow a policy of Non-intervention in social and religious matters of Indians 2. Treat all subjects – Indians and Europeans – as equals 3. Grant a general pardon to all those who had taken part in the revolt except those who were found guilty of murder of British subjects 4. Do it’s best to advance the industries in India
7. Cont... 1. Follow a policy of Non-intervention in social and religious matters of Indians 2. Treat all subjects – Indians and Europeans – as equals 3. Grant a general pardon to all those who had taken part in the revolt except those who were found guilty of murder of British subjects 4. Do it’s best to advance the industries in India
Explanation: