Describe the significance of textile industry in India with specific reference to cotton Industries
Answers
2. It provides employment to 35 million workers.
3. It's share in GDP is 4%.
4. It brings foreign exchange of 24.6%.
5. It is only the industry which is self reliant.
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1. The textile industry occupies a unique position in the Indian economy because of its significant contributions towards industrial production, employment generation, and foreign exchange earnings. Additionally, it is the only industry which self-reliant and complete in its value chain.
2. The presence of the Cotton textiles industry dates back to the 18th century when spinning and handloom weaving techniques were popular. However, they suffered a setback during the colonial period when mill-made cloth came from England.
3. Presently, there are nearly 1600 cotton mills and humanmade fiber textile mills. Concentrated in the cotton growing belt of Maharashtra and Gujarat, the industry has close links with agriculture and provides a living to many people (farmers, cotton ball pluckers, dyers, designers etc.). It therefore supports many other industries such as chemicals and dyes, mill stores, packaging materials and engineering works.
4. Although spinning is centralised in certain areas, the scope of weaving is highly decentralized. India has world class production in spinning, exporting yarn to Japan and various cotton goods to the U.S.A, U.K., Russia, and France etc. Weaving is done by handloom, power loom and in mills. The handspun khadi also provides a large scale employment to weavers as a cottage industry.
5. India has a large share in world trade of cotton yarn, accounting for one-fourth of the total trade. Spinning mills are highly competitive at the global level with some large and modern factories in this segment, though scattered.