Describe the structure and bonding of gold.
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Answer:
The structure and bonding of the gold-subhalide compounds Au144Cl60[z] are related to those of the ubiquitous thiolated gold clusters, or Faradaurates, by iso-electronic substitution of thiolate by chloride. Exact I-symmetry holds for the [z] = [2+,4+] charge-states, in accordance with new ESI-MS measurements and the predicted electron shell filling. The High symmetry facilitates analysis of the global structure as well as the bonding network, with some striking results.
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thiolates on noble-metal electrodes and nanostructures are regarded as prime examples of chemical nanotechnology based upon the bridging coordination of the thiolate-sulfur head-group, as established only recently by rigorous structure determination. Remaining challenges concern the complexity of the electronic structure and bonding that underlie the observed phases and their properties.
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