Describe the structure and development of anther in a flower.
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Explanation:
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What is an anther ?
The male reproductive part of a flower is called the stamen. It is composed of a long tube, called a filament, and has a pollen-producing structure on the end. This oval-shaped structure is called the anther. It is crucial in the reproduction of flowering plants, as it produces the male gametophyte, known as pollen.
What is the function of the anther in a flower?
Several answers have told you what the anther is but you asked what it’s function is.
The anther presents the pollen in the best possible way for it to be carried away by the wind or insects, depending on the plant’s method of pollination.
Wind-pollinated plants tend to have rather simple reproductive structures but insect-pollinated plants usually have very showy flowers to attract insects and may also have complex reproductive structures to ensure dissemination of their pollen. The stamens are positioned so that the anthers brush against the foraging insect. In some cases there may be complicated mechanisms that ensure anthers are only brushed against certain types of insect.
Explain the development of an anther and the formation of microspores in angiosperms.
Anthers are two-lobed and are attached to the filament either at the base or in the middle area of the anther. The central cells of the anther, the pollen mother cells (meiocytes), differentiate and become selectively isolated from the mother plant through callose secretion by the meiocyte cytoplasm. The pollen mother cells undergo meiosis to form tetrads. The uninucleate young microspores are released from the tetrad. At the vacuolated stage, the microspores undergo an asymmetric division (pollen mitosis I) to produce the vegetative and generative nucleus. Microspores then develop into male gametophytes.