describe the structure and function of chloroplast?
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Chloroplasts are a type of membrane-bound plastids that contain a network of membranes embedded into a liquid matrix and harbor the photosynthetic pigment called chlorophyll. It is this pigment that imparts a green color to plant parts and serves to capture light energy....
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Function of chloroplast are
- Chloroplasts are the sites for photosynthesis, which comprises a set of light-dependent and light-independent reactions to harness solar energy and convert it into chemical energy.
- The components of chloroplast participate in several regulatory functions of the cell as well as in photorespiration.
- Chloroplasts also provide diverse metabolic activities for plant cells, including the synthesis of fatty acids, membrane lipids, isoprenoids, tetrapyrroles, starch, and hormones.
- Plants lack specialized immune cells—all plant cells participate in the plant response.
- The chloroplasts with the nucleus and cell membrane and ER are the key organelles of pathogen defense.
- Chloroplasts can serve as cellular sensors
Structure of chloroplast are.
- Chloroplasts found in higher plants are generally biconvex or planoconvex shaped.
- In different plants, however, chloroplasts may have different shapes, varying from spheroid, filamentous saucer-shaped, discoid or ovoid-shaped.
- They can be found in the cells of the mesophyll in plant leaves. They are vesicular and have a colorless center.
- The average size of the chloroplast is 4-6 µ in diameter and 1-3 µ in thickness.
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