Describe the structure and functioning of nephron
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Explanation: Structure of a Nephrons:
> Nephrons are the basic filtering units of kidneys.
> Each kidney possesses large number of nephrons, approximately 1-1.5 million.
> The main components of the nephron are glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tubule.
Functioning of a Nephron:
> The blood enters the kidney through the renal artery, which branches into many capillaries associated with glomerulus.
> The water and solute are transferred to the nephron at Bowman’s capsule.
> In the proximal tubule, some substances such as amino acids, glucose, and salts are selectively reabsorbed and unwanted molecules are added in the urine.
> The filtrate then moves down into the loop of Henle, where more water is absorbed.
> From here, the filtrate moves upwards into the distal tubule and finally to the collecting duct. Collecting duct collects urine from many nephrons.
> The urine formed in each kidney enters a long tube called ureter. From ureter, it gets transported to the urinary bladder and then into the urethra.
