describe the structure and functioning of nephron
Answers
Hey bud!
Here's what I remember.
A nephron has 2 parts, A renal rubule and a bowman's capsule.
Bowman's capsule has glomerulus and they are together called malphigian body or renal corpuscle. Here occurs the filteration of blood. This step is called glomerular filteration. After filteration, the plasma only has proteins left. All other constituents are absorbed into the lumen of bowman's capsule.
The renal tubule has a proximal convuluted tubule and a distal convuluted tubule. where PCT ends and DCT begins is loop of henle's that is divided into descending and ascending limbs.
The DCT opens into a collecting duct. Many these ducts open into renal pelvis through medullary pyramids.
Now, since around a million of nephrons are present in kidney, they are neatly organised: The malphigian body, PCT and DCT in the cortex with all the loops of henle's dipping into medulla. The nephrons with short loops are called cortical nephrons because their loops are too short to enter the medullary region. And so the ones with long loops extending into the depts of medulla are called juxta medullary nephrons.
From the glomerulus emerges efferent arteriole that is winded along renal tubule forming a U shape and is called vasa recta.
Absorption and reabsorption (of glucose, amino acids; secretion of ions to maintain pH) occur in the renal tubule that leaves only 1.5 litres of initially formed 180 litres.
There is a special juxta glomerular apparatus that maintains the glomerular filteration rate, that is 125ml/min or 180 lit/per day in a healthy individual. This involves the activity of rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Hope this helps:))
☆ STRUCTURE OF NEPHRON:-
♤ Each nephron is a long - coiled tubule whose one end is cup - shaped called Bowman's capsule while other ends are connected to urine collecting duct of the kidney.
♤ The Bowman's capsule contains a bundle of blood capillaries which is called glomerulus.
☆ FUNCTION OF NEPHRON:-
♤ It is the functional unit of kidney.It filters the uncleaned blood so that waste substances can be removed from the blood.
