Question

Describe the structure, function of local self govt.

Answer 1

Local self government strengthens the democracy at the grass root level . It is entrusted with rural and urban development. And was constitutionalised through the 73rd and 74th constitutional amendment act of 1992 respectively. And added two new parts IX and IX-A of the constitution with addition of two new schedules 11th and 12th.

However as far as the structure is concerned, for Rural government ,the act provides for a three-tier system of panchayati raj in every state, that is panchayats at the village, intermediate and district levels. However a state having a population not exceeding 20 lakhs may opt out from constituting panchayats at the intermediate level.

The act also provides for a gram sabha that consists of persons registered in the electoral rolls of a village comprised within the area of panchayat at village level.

Members at all three tiers shall be elected directly by the people. While the chairperson of panchayats at the intermediate and district levels shall be elected indirectly.

The act also provides for a five year term of office at every level.

While for Urban government, the act gave constitutional status to municipalities. The act provided for the constitution of the following three types of municipalities in every state.

a. Nagar panchayat for a transitional area that is an area in transition from a rural area to an urban area.

b. A Municipal Council for a smaller urban area.

c. Municipal corporation for a larger urban area.

All the members of municipalities shall be elected directly by the people of the Municipal area.

This act also provides for a 5 year term of office for every municipality.


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