Question

describe the territory under tsar nicholas 2

Answer 1

The Russian Empire (Russian: Российская Империя, tr. Rossiyskaya Imperiya) also known as Imperial Russia or simply Russia (Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya) was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.[5]

Russian Empire


Россійская Имперія (Russian)

1721–1917



Flag



Lesser coat of arms

Motto: 
S nami Bog!
Съ нами Богъ!
"God is with us!"

Anthem: 
Bozhe, Tsarya khrani!
Божѣ, Царя храні!
"God Save the Tsar!"



Russian Empire at its peak in 1867:

  Russian Empire

  Former territories, protectorates and sphere of influence

CapitalSaint Petersburg[a]
(1721–28; 1730–1917)
Moscow
(1728–30)Common languagesOfficial: Russian

Regional:

Armenian

Azerbaijani

Belarusian

Chechen

Circassian

English

Estonian

Farsi

Finnish

Georgian

Kazakh

Kyrgyz

Latvian

Lithuanian

Mongolian

Polish

Romanian

Swedish

Tajik

Turkish

Turkmen

Ukrainian

Uzbek

Religion

Dominant:
Orthodox Christianity

Minor:

Roman Catholicism

Protestantism

Judaism

Islam

Buddhism

Tengrism

GovernmentAbsolute monarchy
(1721–1906)
Constitutional monarchy
(1906–17; de jure)[1]Emperor 

• 1721–1725

Peter I (first)

• 1894–1917

Nicholas II (last)

Prime Minister

 

• 1905–1906

Sergei Witte (first)

• 1917

Nikolai Golitsyn (last)LegislatureEmperor along with the legislative assembly[2]

• Upper house

State Council

• Lower house

State DumaHistory 

• Empire proclaimed
by Peter I

22 Oct [O.S. 11 Oct] 1721

• Decembrist revolt
took place

26 Dec [O.S. 14 Dec] 1825

• Emancipation reform
proclaimed

3 Mar [O.S. 19 Feb] 1861

• 1905 Revolution
took place

Jan–Dec 1905

• Constitution
adopted

6 May [O.S. 23 Apr] 1906

• February Revolution
took place

Feb–Mar 1917

• Abdication
of Nicholas II

15 Mar [O.S. 2 Mar] 1917

• Republic proclaimed
by the Provisional Government

14 Sep [O.S. 1 Sep] 1917Area1895[3][4]22,800,000 km2(8,800,000 sq mi)Population

• 1897

125,640,021CurrencyRuble

Preceded bySucceeded byTsardom of RussiaRussian Republic

a. ^ After 1866, Alaska was sold to the United States, but Batum, Kars, Pamir and Transcaspia were acquired.

b. ^ Renamed Petrograd in 1914.

c. ^ Russia continued to use the Julian calendar until after the
collapse of the empire (see Old Style and New Style dates).

The third largest empire in world history, stretching over a massive three continents, the Russian Empire was surpassed in landmass only by the British and Mongol empires. The rise of the Russian Empire happened in association with the decline of neighboring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Persia and the Ottoman Empire. It played a major role in 1812–1814 in defeating Napoleon's ambitions to control Europe and expanded to the west and south.

The House of Romanov ruled the Russian Empire from 1721 until 1762, and its German-descended cadet branch, the House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov, ruled from 1762. At the beginning of the 19th century, the Russian Empire extended from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Black Sea in the south, from the Baltic Sea on the west to the Pacific Ocean, into Alaska and Northern Californiain America on the east.[6] With 125.6 million subjects registered by the 1897 census, it had the third-largest population in the world at the time, after Qing China and India. Like all empires, it included a large disparity in terms of economics, ethnicity, and religion. There were numerous dissident elements, who launched numerous rebellions and assassination attempts; they were closely watched by the secret police, with thousands exiled to Siberia.

Economically, the empire had a predominantly agricultural base, with low productivity on large estates worked by serfs, Russian peasants (until they were freed in 1861). The economy slowly industrialized with the help of foreign investments in railways and factories. The land was ruled by a nobility (the boyars) from the 10th through the 17th centuries, and subsequently by an emperor. Tsar Ivan III (1462–1505) laid the groundwork for the empire that later emerged. He tripled the territory of his state, ended the dominance of the Golden Horde, renovated the Moscow Kremlin, and laid the foundations of the Russian state. Emperor Peter the Great (1682–1725) fought numerous wars and expanded an already huge empire into a major European power. He moved the capital from Moscow to the new model city of St. Petersburg, and led a cultural revolution that replaced some of the traditionalist and medieval social and political mores with a modern, scientific, Europe-oriented, and rationalist system.