Question

describe the types of divisions in taxonomy
and also define them..
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Answer 1

Question:

Describe the types of division in taxonomy

Answer:

Species:

• It is the smallest unit of classification.
• The concept of species was proposed by John Ray and Carolus Linnaeus.
• It contains the group of individuals resembling each other in morphological and physiological characters.
• The organisms belonging to a species are capable of breeding with each other.

Genus:

• The term was coined by Tournefort.
• It contains organisms from closely related species.
• For example Solanum tuberosum, Solanum nigrum and Solanum lycopersicum are three different species of potato, but belong to the sme Genus Solanum.
• Genera having only one species is called monotypic while genera having many species is called as polytypic.

Family:

• It contains organisms belonging to closely related genera.
• For example the genera Solanum, Datura and Petunia are placed under the family Solanacea.

Order:

• It contains a group of families having similar characteristics.
• For example, the families Solanaceae and Convolvulacea is placed under the order Polymoniales.
• The families canidae, felidae and ursidae is placed under the order Carnivora.

Class:

• The term was coined by Linnaeus.
• It contains group of orders sharing similar characteristics.
• The orders Primata and Carnivora is placed in the  class mammalia.

Phylum/Division:

• The term phylum is coined by Cuvier and is used for animals.
• In plants, division is used which was coined by Eichler.
• Phylum/Division contains a group of classes sharing similar characteristics.

Kingdom:

• It is the highest taxonomic category.
• The five kingdoms are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
• Plants are included in Kingdom Plantae while animals are included in Kingdom Animalia.
• Kingdom Monera contains single-celled prokaryotes while Kingdom Protista contains unicellular eukaryotes.
• Kingdom Fungi contains saphrophytes.

More Information:

→ Classification of human being based on the taxonomic hierarchy:

  Kingdom - Animalia

  Phylum - Chordata

  Class - Mammalia

  Order - Primata

  Family - Hominidae

  Genus - Homo

  Species - sapiens

→ Classification of wheat based on taxonomical hierarchy:

  Kingdom - Plantae

  Division - Angiospermae

  Class - Monocotyledonae

  Order - Poales

  Family - Poacea

  Genus  - Triticum

  Species - aestivum

Answer 2

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