describe the various steps of making cotton fabric from fibre
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Fibre to Fabric
A material which is available in the form of thin and continuous strand is called fibre.
Types of Fibre
Natural fibers: The fibers which are obtained from plants and animals are called natural fibers. Examples: cotton, jute, silk, wool.
Plant Fibre: Cotton and jute are plant fibre.
Animal fibre: Silk and wool are animal fibre.
Synthetic fibre: The fibre which are synthesized in industry from simple chemicals obtained from petroleum are called synthetic fibre. Examples: Nylon, Acrylic, Polyester
Cotton
In India, cotton is cultivated mainly in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh.
Cultivation of cotton
Cotton is cultivated in black clayey soil. It needs warm climate. The sowing of cotton crop is done in early spring. Cotton plants are bushy and about 1-2 meters tall. The plants start flowering in about 60 days and give whitish - yellow flowers. The flowers turn reddish in a few days. Flowers slowly grow into spherical walnut-like structures. These are called cotton ball. Fibres of cotton grow on these seeds. After some time green cotton balls turn brown. At maturity, the cotton bolls burst open and the white cotton fibre can be seen.
Ginning: The cotton picked up from the plants has seeds in it. The process of removing cotton seeds from pods is called ginning. Ginning was traditionally done by hand. Now-a-days, machines are used in ginning.
Spinning: The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning. The raw cotton is supplied to industry in the form of bales.
A material which is available in the form of thin and continuous strand is called fibre.
Types of Fibre
Natural fibers: The fibers which are obtained from plants and animals are called natural fibers. Examples: cotton, jute, silk, wool.
Plant Fibre: Cotton and jute are plant fibre.
Animal fibre: Silk and wool are animal fibre.
Synthetic fibre: The fibre which are synthesized in industry from simple chemicals obtained from petroleum are called synthetic fibre. Examples: Nylon, Acrylic, Polyester
Cotton
In India, cotton is cultivated mainly in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh.
Cultivation of cotton
Cotton is cultivated in black clayey soil. It needs warm climate. The sowing of cotton crop is done in early spring. Cotton plants are bushy and about 1-2 meters tall. The plants start flowering in about 60 days and give whitish - yellow flowers. The flowers turn reddish in a few days. Flowers slowly grow into spherical walnut-like structures. These are called cotton ball. Fibres of cotton grow on these seeds. After some time green cotton balls turn brown. At maturity, the cotton bolls burst open and the white cotton fibre can be seen.
Ginning: The cotton picked up from the plants has seeds in it. The process of removing cotton seeds from pods is called ginning. Ginning was traditionally done by hand. Now-a-days, machines are used in ginning.
Spinning: The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning. The raw cotton is supplied to industry in the form of bales.
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