describe three reason for generations of a proton gradient between the lumen of thylakoid and stroma of chloroplast
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Answers
Answer:
1. Hydrogen ions diffuse from an area of high proton concentration to an area of lower proton concentration and accumulate in the inter membrane space. 2. The pH of outer surface of inner mitochondrial membrane lowers considerably due to concentration of net positive charge
Answer:
1. Splitting of water inside the lumen
2. pH gradient created across the inner mitochondrial membrane
3. Presence of NADP reductase enzyme on the outer membrane
Explanation:
The reasons for the generation of a proton gradient across the lumen of thylakoid and stroma of chloroplast can be described as:
1. Splitting of water inside the lumen
The splitting of H₂O occurs on the inner side of the thylakoid membrane. Thus protons remain in the lumen of thylakoids.
2. pH gradient created across the inner mitochondrial membrane
The creation of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane is a result of the decrease of proton number in the stroma, accumulation of protons in the lumen, and decrease in the pH in the lumen as well.
3. Presence of NADP reductase enzyme on the outer membrane
The enzyme NADP reductase uses protons from the stroma for the reduction of NADP, thereby decreasing the concentration of protons in the stroma.