describe various types of biodiversity?
Answers
Explanation:
Biodiversity is the sum of all the different species of animals, plants, fungi and microbial organisms living on Earth and the variety of habitats in which they live. Scientists estimate that more than 10 million different species inhabit Earth.
Biodiversity underlies everything from food production to medical research. Humans use at least 40,000 species of plants and animals on a daily basis. Many people around the world still depend on wild species for some or all of their food, shelter and clothing. All our domesticated plants and animals came from wildliving ancestral species. In addition, almost 40 percent of the pharmaceuticals used in the United States either are based on or are synthesized from natural compounds found in plants, animals or microorganisms.
The array of living organisms found in a particular environment combined with the physical and environmental factors that affect them is an ecosystem. Healthy ecosystems are vital to life; they regulate many of the chemical and climatic systems that make available clean air, clean water and plentiful oxygen. Forests, for example, regulate the amount of carbon dioxide in the air, produce oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis and control rainfall and soil erosion. Ecosystems, in turn, depend on the continued health and vitality of the individual organisms that compose them. Removing just one species from an ecosystem can prevent the ecosystem from operating optimally.
Perhaps the greatest value of biodiversity is yet unknown. Scientists have discovered and named only 1.75 million species — fewer than 20 percent of those estimated to exist. Of those identified, only a fraction has been examined for potential medicinal, agricultural or industrial value. Much of Earth’s great biodiversity rapidly is disappearing, even before we know what is missing. Most biologists agree that life on Earth now is faced with the most severe extinction episode since the event that drove the dinosaurs to extinction 65 million years ago. Species of plants, animals, fungi and microscopic organisms such as bacteria are being lost at alarming rates. Because of this, scientists around the world are focusing their research on cataloging and studying global biodiversity in an effort to better understand it and slow the rate of loss. As a result, the majority of current biodiversity research concentrates on preserving biodiversity and assessing environmental quality and change.
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Answer:
Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm