Despite the implementation of various programmes for the eradication of poverty by the government in india, poverty is still existing'. Explain by giving reasons. (10)
Answers
Poverty is the general scarcity or dearth, or the sate of one who lacks a certain amount of material possession or money. Various Governmental schemes such Jawahar Rojgar Yojana, TRYSEM, IRDP, MGNREGA etc to reduce poverty numbers, but still the situation is worrisome as more than 22 percent of the population live in poverty. Causes are-
- Colonialism was the main cause of high numbers of poor people in India and still we are suffering due to it
- Geographical disparity results in different causes behind poverty and one-size-fits policies does not address root cause behind poverty related to area
-Weak implementation of laws in generally as well as of rules related to schemes in particular. eg., fudging of Mgnrega payroll registers seems to be a common practice
-High illiteracy leads to lack of awareness regarding their Rights as beneficiaries in the schemes, leading to denying of rights as well as providing avenues for corruption. eg., It is compulsorily to pay the beneficiary under MGNREGA within 15 days of next month but delay in payment results in fulfilling necessity of daily needs from other means or even sometime bribing Sarpanch for timely payment.
-Weak civil society in India resulting in lack of accountability of those in power. eg., weak implementation of Social Audit concept on ground.
- Neglecting areas for development leading to insurgency and Naxalism. This further perpetuates poverty as insurgents block government efforts to address poverty in the area
- Weak healthcare infrastructure. Catastrophic and out of pocket expenditure pushes people back into the poverty who are at the boundary of poverty line
Steps Needed-
- Fulfilling basic necessities of people such as food, education and health. Government efforts such NFSM, Ayushman Bharat etc should be implemented in letter and spirit
-Robust PDS
-Digital technology role should be embedded in every schemes designed
-Increasing the amount for social services in budget which is around 6 percent at present
Political will, accountable executive as well as educated an aware citizenry is needed to reduce this menace of poverty.