Question

desribe the measure vegetation zone of the Himalayas region

Answer 1

The Himalayas rise from tropical heat region to the heights of arctic cold region. The vegetation in the Himalayas varies widely along the vertical plant.

Eastern Himalayas :--
Alpine vegetation belt extends between 4,000 m and 5,300 m. Rhododendrons, willows, primroses and junipers grow here. Alpine meadows with herbaceous vegetation and short duration flowers are found at higher region.Coniferous Forest Belt spreads between 2,700 m and 4,000 m. The trees are silver fir, blue pine, spruce and deodar.

Evergreen Oak Forest Belt occurs between 1,330 m and 2,700 m. Oaks, poplar, elms, laurel, maples, birches, alders, magnolia, etc. thrive.

Tarai Forest Belt rises up to evergreen forest belt i.e., up to 1,330 m. Here grow both the evergreen forests and deciduous forests. Deciduous trees like sal, sissoo and toon grow in abun­dance. Bamboos, tall grasses, orchids, balsams grow.

Western Himalayas :--
Trees are found at an altitude of 3,330 m. The Alpine meadows lie between 3,300 m and 5,000 m. This belt grows beautiful flowering plants, rhododen­drons, sweet grasses, shrubs with cushioned leaves.

Coniferous Forest Belt exists between 2,000 m and 3,300 in. Conifers like deodar, poplar, spruce, cedar, fir, maple, walnut, etc. are found here.

Chirpine Belt lays at an altitude between 1,000 m and 2,000 m.

Scrub Jungles and Dry Forest Belt extends up to 1,000m.

Answer 2

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Q. 17

Describe the major vegetation zones of the Himalayan region.

Answer

The vegetation differs according to the height in the Himalayan region.

(i) There are tropical deciduous forests in the foothills that is th Shiwaliks . ‘Sal’ is the most important species of economic significance.

(ii) The zone with altitude 1000 m – 2000 m consists of evergreen forests. Examples include Beech, chestnut, oak, ash, etc. These at a higher altitude are replaced by ‘chir’ and ‘chil’.

(iii) The zone between 1500m – 3000 m includes pine, cedar, silver fir and spruce. They are the famous coniferous trees, typical of the dry temperate region found in the inner Himalayan region.

(iv) At the height of 3600 m or more, shrubs, scrubs, and grasses of alpine variety are found.

Explanation: